CAJ | 학술논문

庄子的哲学思想不仅是对老子哲学思想的继承，更是其哲学思想的发展。这主要体现在三个方面，其一是论证了老子提出的道的存在性问题；其二全面论述了“天”的问题，将“天”从主宰万物降低到了万物的一种，从而突出了大道的本原性地位；其三，庄子特别研究了人的问题，提出了真人、圣人、至人等标准，从多种角度论证了人之为人的根本性质。因此，在庄子哲学思想中人占有非常重要的位置。在庄子看来，只有人能够到达自己内在的逍遥境界，从而说明了人与万物的根本不同就在于万物都要顺应自然而唯有人能够超越自然。这样，庄子就将老子开创的以道为基础的宇宙论哲学完全转到了人生哲学方向上来，并为中国人的人生姿态提供了另外一种形态。其意义和影响对于后世都是巨大的。
장자적철학사상불부시대노자철학사상적계승，경시기철학사상적발전。저주요체현재삼개방면，기일시론증료노자제출적도적존재성문제；기이전면논술료“천”적문제，장“천”종주재만물강저도료만물적일충，종이돌출료대도적본원성지위；기삼，장자특별연구료인적문제，제출료진인、골인、지인등표준，종다충각도론증료인지위인적근본성질。인차，재장자철학사상중인점유비상중요적위치。재장자간래，지유인능구도체자기내재적소요경계，종이설명료인여만물적근본불동취재우만물도요순응자연이유유인능구초월자연。저양，장자취장노자개창적이도위기출적우주론철학완전전도료인생철학방향상래，병위중국인적인생자태제공료령외일충형태。기의의화영향대우후세도시거대적。
Zhuangzi inherited the philosophy of Laozi and developed it in three aspects. First, Zhuangzi demonstrated the ontological being of the Way （Dao） advanced by Laozi; second, he fully expounded the status of heaven （tian）, subordinating its position from the dominator to a part of the world, thus emphasizing the status of the Way （Dao） as first cause. Thirdly, Zhuangzi discussed the status of man and put forward such concepts as the real man, the Saint and the good man, defining the distinctive nature of man as a man from various perspectives. A man plays an important role in Zhuangzi＇s philosophy. In Zhuangzi＇s view, only a man can reach the happy realm because man is fundamentally different from anything else in that he can surpass nature while all things else only passively adapt to nature. In this way, Zhuangzi transformed the cosmological philosophy of Laozi into a philosophy of life, offering another form for Chinese life, which has had an enormous imDact on later ~eneratians_