CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于1997—2011年我国的省际面板数据，采用动态系统广义矩估计方法，实证分析了贸易开放对人力资本积累的影响。研究结果表明：无论从全国层面还是地区层面，人力资本的积累都存在自我强化的累积效应；贸易开放条件下的人力资本溢价起到了价格信号作用，激励了人力资本的投资，但这种作用在地区间由东向西逐步递减；受参与国际分工和贸易方式的影响，对外贸易弱化了全国及不同地区的人力资本积累，而外商直接投资则通过知识技术溢出效应促进了人力资本的积累；贸易开放所引致的人均国内生产总值的增长放松了人力资本投资的信贷约束，促进了人力资本积累；政府财政性生均教育经费支出起到了很好的人力资本投资作用。
본문기우1997—2011년아국적성제면판수거，채용동태계통엄의구고계방법，실증분석료무역개방대인력자본적루적영향。연구결과표명：무론종전국층면환시지구층면，인력자본적적루도존재자아강화적루적효응；무역개방조건하적인력자본일개기도료개격신호작용，격려료인력자본적투자，단저충작용재지구간유동향서축보체감；수삼여국제분공화무역방식적영향，대외무역약화료전국급불동지구적인력자본적루，이외상직접투자칙통과지식기술일출효응촉진료인력자본적적루；무역개방소인치적인균국내생산총치적증장방송료인력자본투자적신대약속，촉진료인력자본적루；정부재정성생균교육경비지출기도료흔호적인력자본투자작용。
Based on China＇s provincial panel data during 1997 to 2011, this paper empirically studies how trade opening affects human capital accumulation using a dynamic panel data model. The results from system GMM estimation show there is a significant self-reinforcing effect of human capital accumulation. This paper also finds that human capital accumulation is largely driven by skill premium, but such effect gradually decreases from the east region to the west re- gion in China. Also, foreign trade has a negative effect on human capital forma- tion while the spillover effect of FDI promotes human capital formation. More- over, growth of GDP per capita eases the credit constraints of human capital in- vestment, promoting human capital investment; and government spending on edu- cation can enhance human caoital accumulation significantly.