CAJ | 학술논문

本文基于2000～2011年我国30个省份的要素投入与产出数据，采用SBM方向性距离函数分析了包括环境治理投资要素在内的环境治理总体绩效，并进一步评测了环境治理投资绩效。利用TOBIT模型对影响环境治理投资效率变动的因素进行实证检验。本文研究表明，我国的环境治理总体绩效上表现出恶化趋势；华东地区环境治理投资冗余额上升最快，其次是华北地区和中南地区，东北地区的环境治理投资冗余额增长最慢；北京和上海等东南沿海省份的环境治理投资冗余较少、效率较高，山西、宁夏、贵州、甘肃的环境治理资金的运用合理性方面仍有较大提升空间。环评执行项目数、环境来访信件数、国内生产总值对环境治理投资效率有正向的影响；“三同时”执行项目数、排污费收入、第二产业占比、人口自然增长率对环境治理投资效率影响为负；财政收入、环境来访批次、RD经费支出对环境治理投资效率尚未表现出显著影响。
본문기우2000～2011년아국30개성빈적요소투입여산출수거，채용SBM방향성거리함수분석료포괄배경치리투자요소재내적배경치리총체적효，병진일보평측료배경치리투자적효。이용TOBIT모형대영향배경치리투자효솔변동적인소진행실증검험。본문연구표명，아국적배경치리총체적효상표현출악화추세；화동지구배경치리투자용여액상승최쾌，기차시화북지구화중남지구，동북지구적배경치리투자용여액증장최만；북경화상해등동남연해성빈적배경치리투자용여교소、효솔교고，산서、저하、귀주、감숙적배경치리자금적운용합이성방면잉유교대제승공간。배평집행항목수、배경래방신건수、국내생산총치대배경치리투자효솔유정향적영향；“삼동시”집행항목수、배오비수입、제이산업점비、인구자연증장솔대배경치리투자효솔영향위부；재정수입、배경래방비차、RD경비지출대배경치리투자효솔상미표현출현저영향。
This paper adopts SBM method in order to analyze the environmental regulation investment efficiency of China based on the input and output factors and the data of thirty provinces from 2000 to 2011. The SBM model can measure bad outputs which traditional DEA model can not weigh. The input variables are environmental regula- tion investment, number of environmental employees and expenditure of energy. The output variables are industrial gas waste,industrial water waste, industrial solid waste and the GDP, the first three of which are bad outputs. In terms of evaluation sample, we select six administrative region and thirty provinces （ not including Xizang because of data availability）, in order to realize analysis from overall to individual. In terms of evaluation target, we select envi- ronmental regulation total effeciency and investment effeciency, going deep into analysis. The index of total effecien- cy is the score of SBM model,and the index of investment effeciency is calculated by the slack from SBM model. The research shows that the environmental regulation total efficiency of China is deteriorating as time goes by, and that the environmental regulation total efficiency of Beijing, Shanghai is higher than other provinces, but that of Shanxi, Ningxia, Guizhou and Gansu needs to be improved. The environmental regulation investment redundancy of Eastern China increases faster than North China and Mid-South China, and that the Northeast Region increases slo- west. We have found some provinces whose environmental regulation investment efficiency must be paied close at- tention to, and they are as follows：Shanxi of North China, Liaoning of Northeast Region, Shandong and Anhui of East China, Hubei and Guangxi of Mid-South China,Yunnan and Guizhou of Southwest Region, Shanxi and Gansu and Ningxia of Northwest Region. Other provinces＇ environmental regulation invest efficiency have good expression, such as Shanghai ,Jiangsu and Zhejiang of East China, Guangdong and Hainan of Mid-South China. Our environ- mental regulation total efficiency and investment efficiency have shown consistency, so we can discover the impor- tance of environmental regulation invest. Then we analyse what factors influence environmental regulation investment efficiency, and based on this we propose relevant advices. We let the environmental regulation investment efficiency be the dependent variable, and adopt the Tobit model to analyze its influencing factors. Through the analysis of its influencing factors, we have found that government＇ s environmental assessment number, the number of environ- mental-concerned letter and GDP have positive impact on the environmental regulation investment efficiency ;that government＇ s implementation condition of ＇ Santongshi＇ , pollution discharge fees, the scale of second industry and population growth have negative impact;and that government revenue, environment-concerned vist and R＆D ex- penditure do not have impact on the efficiency. After getting rid of irrelevant variables, this paper adopt Tobit model again to analyse the remaining variables. Baesd on our research, we propose appropriate advices including：which provinces we must pay close attention to and how we improve their environmental regulation effieney. Some effective measures are as follows：enforcing environmental impact assessment, preventing abusing investment during Santong- shi respection, improve the skills of government to utilize fiscal revenue, strengthen the awareness of public to in- spect environmental investment, scientific research should incline to environmental protection in order to produce more high-effective projects, transform the path of economic development and so on. Our main contribution rests with three aspects. First, we chooses adequate inputs, bad and good outputs and apply empirical study to evaluate envi- ronmental regulation investment efficiency. Second, we use econometric method to analyse the influencing factors of environmental regulation investment;it is breakthrough relative to existing study which stays on theories. Last but not least,we combine district-oriented advices with specific and reasonable policies, which has high operability for goverments and public.