CAJ | 학술논문

学校教育是人力资本积累的主要方式，也是一国比较优势的重要来源。本文基于“差异中差异”的估计方法考察了学校教育对跨国出口模式的影响。根据美国O＊NET数据库提供的职业技能信息，本文构造了系列产业技能衡量指标，以揭示和比较学校教育经由多个不同渠道的影响。研究发现，学校教育年限长的国家倾向专业化于那些对认知能力、沟通技巧和基本技巧等要求较高的行业，其对出口的影响主要体现在更多的产品种类和更多的伙伴国上。本文研究对中国教育和经济发展有着重要启示。
학교교육시인력자본적루적주요방식，야시일국비교우세적중요래원。본문기우“차이중차이”적고계방법고찰료학교교육대과국출구모식적영향。근거미국O＊NET수거고제공적직업기능신식，본문구조료계렬산업기능형량지표，이게시화비교학교교육경유다개불동거도적영향。연구발현，학교교육년한장적국가경향전업화우나사대인지능력、구통기교화기본기교등요구교고적행업，기대출구적영향주요체현재경다적산품충류화경다적화반국상。본문연구대중국교육화경제발전유착중요계시。
Schooling is the main form of human capital accumulation, and thus one of the sources of comparative advantage. With the Difference-in-Differences method, we investigate empirically the impact of schooling on exporting. Armed with the occupational skill information provided by O＊ NET, we construct a series of industrial skill indicators so as to uncover and compare the various channels of schooling. Our empirical results show that, countries with more schooling tend to specialize in industries requiring higher cognitive abilities and more social, basic skills, among other skills. The impact of schooling is mainly realized by exporting more product categories and to more partners. Our study has important implications for China＇s education and economic development.