知识产权
知識產權
지식산권
Intellectual Property
2014年
3期
90~95
,共null页
知识产权冲突法 罗马Ⅰ条例 罗马Ⅱ条例 欧盟国际私法
知識產權遲突法 囉馬Ⅰ條例 囉馬Ⅱ條例 歐盟國際私法
지식산권충돌법 라마Ⅰ조례 라마Ⅱ조례 구맹국제사법
conflict law for intellectual property; Rome I Regulation; Rome II Regulation; EU private international law
近年来，知识产权冲突法规则出现在更多国家的立法之中。罗马Ⅰ和罗马Ⅱ条例构建的欧盟冲突法体系中也包括知识产权冲突法规则。罗马Ⅰ条例将合同之债的一般冲突规则适用于知识产权合同，即以特征性履行规则来适用最密切联系原则，让法官根据合同性质和内容确定准据法。罗马Ⅱ条例对知识产权侵权之债规定了以保护国为连接点的特殊冲突规则。知识产权的地域性、法定性和跨国知识产权侵权行为的特点决定了保护国作为连接点的必要性和合理性。在我国的司法活动中，应避免对知识产权合同适用僵化的连接点；对知识产权侵权之债，仅应有限地允许当事人选择法院地法作为调整责任承担事项的适用法。
近年來，知識產權遲突法規則齣現在更多國傢的立法之中。囉馬Ⅰ和囉馬Ⅱ條例構建的歐盟遲突法體繫中也包括知識產權遲突法規則。囉馬Ⅰ條例將閤同之債的一般遲突規則適用于知識產權閤同，即以特徵性履行規則來適用最密切聯繫原則，讓法官根據閤同性質和內容確定準據法。囉馬Ⅱ條例對知識產權侵權之債規定瞭以保護國為連接點的特殊遲突規則。知識產權的地域性、法定性和跨國知識產權侵權行為的特點決定瞭保護國作為連接點的必要性和閤理性。在我國的司法活動中，應避免對知識產權閤同適用僵化的連接點；對知識產權侵權之債，僅應有限地允許噹事人選擇法院地法作為調整責任承擔事項的適用法。
근년래，지식산권충돌법규칙출현재경다국가적입법지중。라마Ⅰ화라마Ⅱ조례구건적구맹충돌법체계중야포괄지식산권충돌법규칙。라마Ⅰ조례장합동지채적일반충돌규칙괄용우지식산권합동，즉이특정성리행규칙래괄용최밀절련계원칙，양법관근거합동성질화내용학정준거법。라마Ⅱ조례대지식산권침권지채규정료이보호국위련접점적특수충돌규칙。지식산권적지역성、법정성화과국지식산권침권행위적특점결정료보호국작위련접점적필요성화합이성。재아국적사법활동중，응피면대지식산권합동괄용강화적련접점；대지식산권침권지채，부응유한지윤허당사인선택법원지법작위조정책임승담사항적괄용법。
In recent years, more countries have adopted conflict law rules for intellectual property rights （IPR）. Such rules are also part of the EU conflict law system defined by Rome I and Rome II Regulations. In Rome I Regulation, the general conflict law rules for contracts are applicable to IPR related contracts, ie. the most significant relationship principle with the approach of characteristic performance, in order to avoid rigid choice of law. In Rome II Regulation, lex lociprotectionis was adopted as special rule for IPR infi＇ingement and lex loci damm as rule for infringement of EU uniform IPR, which shall not be derogated from by agreement. This rule is justified by the territorial nature and statutory nature of 1PR and fits the characteristics of transnational IPR infringement. In Chinese IPR related private intemational law practice, rigid connecting point shall not be applied for IPR related contracts; IPR infiSngement shall be governed by lex lociprotectionis while the law of forum as lex voluntatis can be applied only to the determination of remedies.
