CAJ | 학술논문

中国农民被习惯称为小农，由于他们具有诸多先天不足与落后性，合作化运动和人民公社组织都尝试着改造他们为集体化劳动者，然而他们只变身为集体化小农。后人民公社时期，家庭经营瓦解了农村整体社会结构，农民分化为若干阶层，但无论他们身处何处，从事何种职业，他们的身份还是农民，备受社会歧视和不公正待遇。如此，为有效地促进农民向市民或市民化职业农民转身，一方面要尊重农民的公民权，放弃通过合作社、集体化等方式改造农民的企图；另一方面，要根据农民阶层地域分化状况，按照城乡发展一体化的要求，给予城市农民工、城郊农民和居村农民的城乡均等化公共服务，进而使其享有平等的国民权益。
중국농민피습관칭위소농，유우타문구유제다선천불족여락후성，합작화운동화인민공사조직도상시착개조타문위집체화노동자，연이타문지변신위집체화소농。후인민공사시기，가정경영와해료농촌정체사회결구，농민분화위약간계층，단무론타문신처하처，종사하충직업，타문적신빈환시농민，비수사회기시화불공정대우。여차，위유효지촉진농민향시민혹시민화직업농민전신，일방면요존중농민적공민권，방기통과합작사、집체화등방식개조농민적기도；령일방면，요근거농민계층지역분화상황，안조성향발전일체화적요구，급여성시농민공、성교농민화거촌농민적성향균등화공공복무，진이사기향유평등적국민권익。
Farmers in China are often being regarded as petty-farmers. Although Co-operative Movement and People＇s Commune tried to change farmers into collective labors, they became collective petty-farmers finally because of their weaknesses and backwardness. In the post- People＇s Commune period, the rural social structure as a whole collapsed under the influence of family business while famers were divided into several classes. They were still being identified as farmers and being treated with injustice and prejudice no matter wherever they stay and whatever jobs they take on. In order to change farmers＇ status into urban citizens or professional farmers, we should respect their civil rights and stop converting them in a collective way. On the other hand, we should offer peasant laborers, Suburban farmers and farmers living in country with the same public services like citizen. At the same time, we should consider their geographical differences, obey the rules of the unity of city and countryside. So that farmers may enjoy equal rights with other citizens.