CAJ | 학술논문

出口贸易的快速发展和外资的大量利用,是我国外向型经济发展的突出特征.而在全球价值链分工模式下,我国本土企业无论是直接出口还是为外资企业配套,其实质都是参与全球生产的“流转”环节,是外向型发展的主要表现.本文利用我国昆山本土企业的调研数据,实证研究揭示：本土企业在为外资企业进行外向配套中存在着“自我选择”机制和“溢出效应”机制,连同“出口中学习效应”,共同促进本土企业生产率的提升.这是中国外向型经济发展的实质.与西方学者关于企业外向型发展的“生产率决定论”相对应,本文补充验证了生产率提升在一定程度上是我国本土企业外向发展的“果”.此外,本文的计量结果还显示,在同群效应上,有迹象表明主营中间产品的企业生产率提升偏向于依赖技能型或高素质劳动力,而以投资品、消费品为主的企业生产率提升则较显著偏向于依赖管理人员的作用.
출구무역적쾌속발전화외자적대량이용,시아국외향형경제발전적돌출특정.이재전구개치련분공모식하,아국본토기업무론시직접출구환시위외자기업배투,기실질도시삼여전구생산적“류전”배절,시외향형발전적주요표현.본문이용아국곤산본토기업적조연수거,실증연구게시：본토기업재위외자기업진행외향배투중존재착“자아선택”궤제화“일출효응”궤제,련동“출구중학습효응”,공동촉진본토기업생산솔적제승.저시중국외향형경제발전적실질.여서방학자관우기업외향형발전적“생산솔결정론”상대응,본문보충험증료생산솔제승재일정정도상시아국본토기업외향발전적“과”.차외,본문적계량결과환현시,재동군효응상,유적상표명주영중간산품적기업생산솔제승편향우의뢰기능형혹고소질노동력,이이투자품、소비품위주적기업생산솔제승칙교현저편향우의뢰관리인원적작용.
Rapid expansion of China＇ s export and increasing inward FDI are the remarkable characteristics of China＇ s outward-oriented economy. Under GVC division, both export and establishing connections with FDI enterprises are all manifestation of participation in global production for local enterprises. Empirical analysis based on Micro-firm data reveals that, there is a self-selection mechanism in competing in establishing connections with FDI enterprises for indigenous enterprises, and this mechanism together with mechanism of learning by exporting, improve productivity of indigenous enterprises eventually. This can be summarized as the essence of China＇ s outward-oriented economic development. Complementing with theory that productivity determines enterprises＇ outward development, this paper test that improve of productivity is the consequence of enterprises＇ outward-oriented development to some extent. In addition, about the peer group effect, there is evidence that improvement of productivity for enterprises which mainly engaging in intermediates depends more on skilled or high quality labor, while enterprises which mainly engaging in capital products and consumable depends more on managerial staff.