CAJ | 학술논문

转型期俄罗斯中产阶级的结构要素主要可以分为客观要素（如收入水平与财产状况、职业-职务地位、受教育程度）和主观要素（如自我社会认同）两大类。其中，收入水平和财产状况使用频率最高，良好的受教育水平是进入中产阶级行列的一个重要前提，而社会职业要素则成为划分“新”、“老”中产阶级的重要依据。由于转型期间各种客观要素变化无常，自我社会认同感遂成为俄罗斯衡量中产阶级的重要补充标准。实践当中，俄罗斯学界更多采用了客观分析与被调查者主观分类相结合（即客观要素与主观要素相互补充）的方法，无论从调研内容、方法还是结果看，都具有很好的代表性和影响力。
전형기아라사중산계급적결구요소주요가이분위객관요소（여수입수평여재산상황、직업-직무지위、수교육정도）화주관요소（여자아사회인동）량대류。기중，수입수평화재산상황사용빈솔최고，량호적수교육수평시진입중산계급행렬적일개중요전제，이사회직업요소칙성위화분“신”、“로”중산계급적중요의거。유우전형기간각충객관요소변화무상，자아사회인동감수성위아라사형량중산계급적중요보충표준。실천당중，아라사학계경다채용료객관분석여피조사자주관분류상결합（즉객관요소여주관요소상호보충）적방법，무론종조연내용、방법환시결과간，도구유흔호적대표성화영향력。
Factors determining the structure of middle-class Russians in transition period can be classified into objective ones （such as income level ,financial condition ,profession-career status and education） and subjective ones （such as self social identity ） .Among all these elements ,the income level and financial condition is considered to be the index with the highest frequency of use ,and being well-educated proves to be a vital prerequisite of entering the middle class , while an individual’s professional conditions always act as the basis distinguishing the new middle-class from the old .What’s more ,on account of the instability of the objective factors in transition period ,self social identity is becoming a crucial supplement of the measurement .In practice ,Russia’s academia prefers the method of combining objective analysis with subjective classification of informants （i .e . making the objective and subjective factors complement each other ） ,which contributes to a highly typical and influential investigation in aspects of both the contents and results .