CAJ | 학술논문

新古典经济学的严密体系有5个重要的基础性假设：完全理性、完全信息、效用最大化、偏好一致性以及自利性。行为经济学对这些假设提出了挑战，指出：消费者具有系统性、可预测的行为偏差，新古典经济学的5个假设与现实不符；金融机构会利用消费者的行为偏差谋利，导致竞争非有效。对此，行为经济学提出，要在传统纠正市场失灵方法的基础上，从更深层面上纠正消费者行为偏差，需要结合具体的偏差类型，采取自由放任、政府干预、市场化取向的政府柔性干预等方式；同时，为更好地保护消费者权益，需要对金融机构进行行为干预和产品干预，提高信息披露的有效性，推进金融知识普及和金融消费者能力的建设。行为经济学动摇不了新古典经济学的统治地位，但其挑战是有力的，对人类行为的认识和解释更加接近于实际，也促进了新古典经济学的发展。我国在加强金融消费者保护的过程中，应支持行为经济学的发展，重视行为经济学研究成果的应用。
신고전경제학적엄밀체계유5개중요적기출성가설：완전이성、완전신식、효용최대화、편호일치성이급자리성。행위경제학대저사가설제출료도전，지출：소비자구유계통성、가예측적행위편차，신고전경제학적5개가설여현실불부；금융궤구회이용소비자적행위편차모리，도치경쟁비유효。대차，행위경제학제출，요재전통규정시장실령방법적기출상，종경심층면상규정소비자행위편차，수요결합구체적편차류형，채취자유방임、정부간예、시장화취향적정부유성간예등방식；동시，위경호지보호소비자권익，수요대금융궤구진행행위간예화산품간예，제고신식피로적유효성，추진금융지식보급화금융소비자능력적건설。행위경제학동요불료신고전경제학적통치지위，단기도전시유력적，대인류행위적인식화해석경가접근우실제，야촉진료신고전경제학적발전。아국재가강금융소비자보호적과정중，응지지행위경제학적발전，중시행위경제학연구성과적응용。
The new classical economics is based on five important assumptions： perfect information, utility maximization, perfect rationality, preference consistency and self-interest hypothesis. Behavioral economics challenges these assumptions and argues that Consumers are systematically and predictably irrational; those basic assumptions are not consistent with the reality; financial institutions may make a profit by manipulating consumer biases. As a result, market competition may be not effective; in addition to the traditional remedies, policymaker should pay more attention to addressing market failures by correcting consumer biases. Different ways can be employed to correct different consumer biases, including laissez-faire, government interventions and government soft interventions based on the market. To better protect financial consumers, authorities should regulate financial institutions＇ behaviors, improve the effectiveness of information disclosure, promote financial knowledges and improve consumers＇ ability. The challenges from behavioral economics are powerful, but it cannot shake the dominant position of the new classical economics. It provides better understanding and explanations of human behaviors and therefore promotes the development of the new classical economics. In the process of strengthening financial consumer protections, China should support the development of behavioral economics and pay more attention to the application of behavioral economics.