北京体育大学学报
北京體育大學學報
북경체육대학학보
Journal of Beijing University of Physical Education
2014年
3期
71~76
,共null页
生物力学 排球 膝关节损伤 力矩 急停纵跳
生物力學 排毬 膝關節損傷 力矩 急停縱跳
생물역학 배구 슬관절손상 력구 급정종도
biomechanics ; volleyball; knee injury ; torque ; stop-jump
目的：通过研究排球专项大学生完成急停纵跳动作的生物力学指标变化，探讨排球专项学生完成急停纵跳时下肢生物力学的特点及膝关节损伤对急停纵跳动作的生物力学指标的影响。方法：以北京体育大学竞技体育学院38名排球专项学生为研究对象，通过MotionAnalysis数字影像捕捉分析系统和Kistler三维测力台对受试者进行急停纵跳动作特征进行信息采集与分析。同性别2组间进行独立样本T检验，显著性水平为P〈0．05。结果：在落地缓冲地面垂直反作用力峰值时刻，男子膝关节损伤组与无伤组相比，损伤组表现出踝关节内旋力矩增大、触台时刻踝关节外展角度增大，呈现显著性变化。女子单侧膝关节损伤组与双侧膝关节损伤组相比，髋关节外旋力矩和膝关节屈膝力矩显著增大。小结：排球专项男学生完成急停纵跳动作时，落地缓冲过程地面垂直反作用力峰值时刻的力矩特征为：髋关节伸并呈内旋、外展位，膝关节为伸、呈内旋位，但左膝呈外展位右膝呈内收位，踝关节为背屈，呈内收、外旋位；排球专项学生膝关节损伤者完成急停纵跳动作相应时刻，通过代偿性改变髋、膝、踝关节的力矩和踝关节外展角度来完成动作。
目的：通過研究排毬專項大學生完成急停縱跳動作的生物力學指標變化，探討排毬專項學生完成急停縱跳時下肢生物力學的特點及膝關節損傷對急停縱跳動作的生物力學指標的影響。方法：以北京體育大學競技體育學院38名排毬專項學生為研究對象，通過MotionAnalysis數字影像捕捉分析繫統和Kistler三維測力檯對受試者進行急停縱跳動作特徵進行信息採集與分析。同性彆2組間進行獨立樣本T檢驗，顯著性水平為P〈0．05。結果：在落地緩遲地麵垂直反作用力峰值時刻，男子膝關節損傷組與無傷組相比，損傷組錶現齣踝關節內鏇力矩增大、觸檯時刻踝關節外展角度增大，呈現顯著性變化。女子單側膝關節損傷組與雙側膝關節損傷組相比，髖關節外鏇力矩和膝關節屈膝力矩顯著增大。小結：排毬專項男學生完成急停縱跳動作時，落地緩遲過程地麵垂直反作用力峰值時刻的力矩特徵為：髖關節伸併呈內鏇、外展位，膝關節為伸、呈內鏇位，但左膝呈外展位右膝呈內收位，踝關節為揹屈，呈內收、外鏇位；排毬專項學生膝關節損傷者完成急停縱跳動作相應時刻，通過代償性改變髖、膝、踝關節的力矩和踝關節外展角度來完成動作。
목적：통과연구배구전항대학생완성급정종도동작적생물역학지표변화，탐토배구전항학생완성급정종도시하지생물역학적특점급슬관절손상대급정종도동작적생물역학지표적영향。방법：이북경체육대학경기체육학원38명배구전항학생위연구대상，통과MotionAnalysis수자영상포착분석계통화Kistler삼유측력태대수시자진행급정종도동작특정진행신식채집여분석。동성별2조간진행독립양본T검험，현저성수평위P〈0．05。결과：재락지완충지면수직반작용력봉치시각，남자슬관절손상조여무상조상비，손상조표현출과관절내선력구증대、촉태시각과관절외전각도증대，정현현저성변화。녀자단측슬관절손상조여쌍측슬관절손상조상비，관관절외선력구화슬관절굴슬력구현저증대。소결：배구전항남학생완성급정종도동작시，락지완충과정지면수직반작용력봉치시각적력구특정위：관관절신병정내선、외전위，슬관절위신、정내선위，단좌슬정외전위우슬정내수위，과관절위배굴，정내수、외선위；배구전항학생슬관절손상자완성급정종도동작상응시각，통과대상성개변관、슬、과관절적력구화과관절외전각도래완성동작。
Objective ： Discuss on lower limbs biomechanics characteristics of college students of volleyball specialty in completing stop-jump and effects of knee injury to biomechanics indicators of the movement through explore their biomechanics indicators changes in the movement. Method： Information acquisition and analysis of 38 college students of volleyball specialty in Beijing Sports University completed stop-jump task by the Motion Analysis sys- tem and Kistler 3D dynamometer. Independent samples T-test was used with a significance level of 0.05. Results： The ankle internal rotation torque and ankle abduction angle over touchdown of the male injured group were significantly larger than the uninjured group at the vertical ground reaction force peak moment. Compared with female bi- lateral knee injury group, the hip external rotation torque and knee flexion torque were increased in female unilateral knee injury group. Conclusion： At the vertical ground reaction force peak moment, the torque characteristics of male college students of volleyball specialty are as follows. Hip is extended, internally rotated and abducted, knee is extended, internally rotated, the left knee is abducted while right one is adducted, and the ankle is dorsi- flexed, addueted and externally rotated. In order to finish the stop-jump task, the college students of volleyball specialty changed torques of hip, knee and ankle and the abducted angle of ankle.
