地域研究与开发
地域研究與開髮
지역연구여개발
Areal Research and Development
2014年
2期
141~145
,共null页
耕地压力指数 最小人均耕地面积 粮食安全 河南省
耕地壓力指數 最小人均耕地麵積 糧食安全 河南省
경지압력지수 최소인균경지면적 양식안전 하남성
cultivated land pressure index;minimum cultivated land acreage per capita;food security;Henan Province
利用1978-2012年的统计数据,结合最小人均耕地面积和耕地压力指数模型,分析了河南省总体与17地市耕地压力变化规律及成因。结果显示:研究时段内虽然河南省的人口数量和粮食需求量持续增加,但由于科技进步、农资投入加大使得产量增加从而全省总体耕地压力指数呈波动降低趋势。1998,2005和2012年,郑州、平顶山、三门峡、洛阳和济源耕地压力指数过大,主要原因:(1)复种指数低于全省平均值;(2)受耕地自然条件和农业科技水平限制导致单产水平过低;(3)人均耕地面积低于全省平均值。2003年还有粮食因灾致单产低的因素影响。通过控制人口增长、提高单产与复种指数、制定有利于农业发展和耕地保护的政策制度以及树立科学的消费观念可以有效缓解耕地压力状况。
利用1978-2012年的統計數據,結閤最小人均耕地麵積和耕地壓力指數模型,分析瞭河南省總體與17地市耕地壓力變化規律及成因。結果顯示:研究時段內雖然河南省的人口數量和糧食需求量持續增加,但由于科技進步、農資投入加大使得產量增加從而全省總體耕地壓力指數呈波動降低趨勢。1998,2005和2012年,鄭州、平頂山、三門峽、洛暘和濟源耕地壓力指數過大,主要原因:(1)複種指數低于全省平均值;(2)受耕地自然條件和農業科技水平限製導緻單產水平過低;(3)人均耕地麵積低于全省平均值。2003年還有糧食因災緻單產低的因素影響。通過控製人口增長、提高單產與複種指數、製定有利于農業髮展和耕地保護的政策製度以及樹立科學的消費觀唸可以有效緩解耕地壓力狀況。
이용1978-2012년적통계수거,결합최소인균경지면적화경지압력지수모형,분석료하남성총체여17지시경지압력변화규률급성인。결과현시:연구시단내수연하남성적인구수량화양식수구량지속증가,단유우과기진보、농자투입가대사득산량증가종이전성총체경지압력지수정파동강저추세。1998,2005화2012년,정주、평정산、삼문협、락양화제원경지압력지수과대,주요원인:(1)복충지수저우전성평균치;(2)수경지자연조건화농업과기수평한제도치단산수평과저;(3)인균경지면적저우전성평균치。2003년환유양식인재치단산저적인소영향。통과공제인구증장、제고단산여복충지수、제정유리우농업발전화경지보호적정책제도이급수립과학적소비관념가이유효완해경지압력상황。
By using Excelland based on the investigation on the dynamic changes in arable land , population and crops in Henan Province since 1978, this article further analyzes the characteristics and cause of minimum cul-tivated land acreage per capita and cultivated land pressure index .It is found that the cultivated land pressure index showed a declining trend since 1978 regardless of the increase of population and grain demand of Henan Province . This is mostly because the rise of cultivated land productivity .The cultivated land pressure index in Zhengzhou , Pingdingshan, Sanmenxia, Luoyang and Jiyuan is high according to pressure index calculations in 1998, 2005 and 2012.There are three main reasons which lead to the high pressure index of these five cities :firstly, the multiple cropping index of these five cities is lower than the provincial average;secondly , the low per capita minimal area of cultivated land limited by natural condition and agricultural;thirdly , the per capita actual area of cultivated land is less than the provincial average .In addition, the low yield of food in 2003 is also due to natural disaster .The farm-land pressure could be alleviated effectively by controlling population growth , increasing yields , improving the mul-tiple cropping indexes , developing policies conducive to agricultural development and farmland protection and es-tablishing a correct concept of consumption .