CAJ | 학술논문

根据相关统计数据，应用生态足迹理论和方法，对北京2000--2012年生态足迹和生态承载力进行测算和分析，结果表明：在13年间，人均生态足迹为3．08～3．61Ghm2，呈抛物线波状发展态势；人均生态承载力呈逐年下降趋势，从2000年0．22Ghm。降至2012年0．14Ghm2；人均生态足迹比生态承载力高13，3～20．8倍，亦呈增长态势，导致人均生态赤字维持在2．89～3．44Ghm。的高水平上，北京地区始终处于巨额生态赤字之中。生态赤字组成由大到小依次是能源、耕地、草地、林地和水域，只有建筑用地为生态盈余；区域人口增长过快和资源消耗量过大是导致北京巨额生态赤字的重要原因；促进社会经济平衡发展、强化科技创新与成果推广和资源节约成为缓解生态赤字的关键对策。
근거상관통계수거，응용생태족적이론화방법，대북경2000--2012년생태족적화생태승재력진행측산화분석，결과표명：재13년간，인균생태족적위3．08～3．61Ghm2，정포물선파상발전태세；인균생태승재력정축년하강추세，종2000년0．22Ghm。강지2012년0．14Ghm2；인균생태족적비생태승재력고13，3～20．8배，역정증장태세，도치인균생태적자유지재2．89～3．44Ghm。적고수평상，북경지구시종처우거액생태적자지중。생태적자조성유대도소의차시능원、경지、초지、임지화수역，지유건축용지위생태영여；구역인구증장과쾌화자원소모량과대시도치북경거액생태적자적중요원인；촉진사회경제평형발전、강화과기창신여성과추엄화자원절약성위완해생태적자적관건대책。
Based on the theory and methods of ecological footprint, ecological footprint and ecological capacity in Beijing from 2000 to 2012 were calculated and analyzed according to the relevant statistics. The results showed that, during the 13 years, the ecological footprint per capita was between 3.08 Ghm2 and 3.61 Ghm2, it had a parabolic wave change trend; The ecological capacity per capita declined year by year, it decreased from 0.22 Ghm2 in 2000 to 0.14 Ghm2 in 2012; Meanwhile, the ecological footprint per capita were 13.3-20.8 times more than the ecological capacity per capita with an increase trend, which led to the ecological deficit per capita at a high level between 2.89 and 3.44 Ghm2. Obviously, Beijing area had always been a huge ecological deficit in the new century. There were ecological deficits in different lands with a descending order, which were carbon land, cropland, grazing land, forest land and fishing ground, but only an ecological surplus in built up land; The important reasons caused the mas- sive ecological deficits were the excessive growth of regional population and excessive resource consumption in capital area; And the key countermeasures relieved Beijing＇s ecological deficit were the balanced development of social economy, technological innovation and achievement popularization, and resource conservation.