CAJ | 학술논문

19世纪末20世纪初，俄国石油工业垄断形成并获得快速发展。这主要是股份制公司的建立和推广、各企业之间激烈的自由竞争、外国资本的渗入及银行资本与工业资本的融合等因素，共同促进了俄国石油工业中生产和资本的空前集中，为垄断的形成提供了必要条件。在这一时期，卡特尔、辛迪加和托拉斯三种类型石油垄断组织先后建立并开展了广泛的活动，即通过建立石油及其产品的垄断价格攫取高额垄断利润；极力反对国家调控石油价格；积极参与争夺世界石油市场。这些活动给俄国石油工业的发展带来了双重影响，既有正面的促进作用，也有负面的抑制作用，从而使石油工业生产呈现出发展与停滞两种趋势同时并存、相互交替的局面。
19세기말20세기초，아국석유공업롱단형성병획득쾌속발전。저주요시고빈제공사적건립화추엄、각기업지간격렬적자유경쟁、외국자본적삼입급은행자본여공업자본적융합등인소，공동촉진료아국석유공업중생산화자본적공전집중，위롱단적형성제공료필요조건。재저일시기，잡특이、신적가화탁랍사삼충류형석유롱단조직선후건립병개전료엄범적활동，즉통과건립석유급기산품적롱단개격확취고액롱단리윤；겁력반대국가조공석유개격；적겁삼여쟁탈세계석유시장。저사활동급아국석유공업적발전대래료쌍중영향，기유정면적촉진작용，야유부면적억제작용，종이사석유공업생산정현출발전여정체량충추세동시병존、상호교체적국면。
During late 19th to early 20th century, the monopolies within Russian petroleum industry form and achieve a rapid development. The factors such as establishment and popularization of joint- stock company, intense free contention among enterprises, penetration of foreign capital, and integra- tion of bank capital with industrial capital have jointly promoted an unprecedented centralization of production and capital within Russian petroleum industry, therefore provide necessary conditions for the formation of monopolies. During this period, petroleum monopoly of three types including Cartel, Syndicate and Trust is set up one after another and carries out activities of a wide range. They grab high monopoly profits by establishing monopoly price of petroleum and its products, strongly oppose state regulation of petroleum price, and actively participate in the competition of world petroleum mar- ket. These activities bring a dual effect that is both positive and negative to the development of Rus- sian petroleum industry; therefore, the two trends of outgrowth and stagnation coexist or alternate with each other within the production of petroleum industry.