CAJ | 학술논문

收入分配的不平等测度往往基于截面的测度，衡量的是某个时点的静态的收入分配差距。本文关注的是收入分配差距是否能够在长期改善或者不同收入阶层是否能够跳跃至其它收入阶层，于是需要研究居民收入流动性。本文采用1989～2009年中国营养健康调查数据，分别利用一阶段指数和两阶段指数衡量了20年间收入流动性的状况，发现之前学者对于收入转移矩阵调整中可能存在的问题以及分解流动性时的主观权重问题，并且进行了相应的改进，得出了不同的结论。此外，本文利用K—C方程和收入转移矩阵计算了二阶和更高阶数的转移矩阵，提出了用矩阵收敛速度解决时间依赖型转移矩阵中测度期间选择的主观性问题的方法，并测算出中国居民收入流动中结构性因素的调整周期在12．25年左右，Fields指数的计算结果验证了这个结论。
수입분배적불평등측도왕왕기우절면적측도，형량적시모개시점적정태적수입분배차거。본문관주적시수입분배차거시부능구재장기개선혹자불동수입계층시부능구도약지기타수입계층，우시수요연구거민수입류동성。본문채용1989～2009년중국영양건강조사수거，분별이용일계단지수화량계단지수형량료20년간수입류동성적상황，발현지전학자대우수입전이구진조정중가능존재적문제이급분해류동성시적주관권중문제，병차진행료상응적개진，득출료불동적결론。차외，본문이용K—C방정화수입전이구진계산료이계화경고계수적전이구진，제출료용구진수렴속도해결시간의뢰형전이구진중측도기간선택적주관성문제적방법，병측산출중국거민수입류동중결구성인소적조정주기재12．25년좌우，Fields지수적계산결과험증료저개결론。
The measure of inequality of income allocation is usually based on cross - sectional data such that it can measure only static inequality. However, we are more concerned with the dynamics of income inequality so that we should consider income mobility. We use the data from China Health and Nutrition Survey ranged from 1989 to 2009 to measure the income mobility through both one - stage index and two - stage index. We point out the problems in previous literatures when adjusting transition matrix and decomposing income mobility and make some improvements which lead to some different conclusions. What＇s more, this paper calculates second order and higher order transition matrixes using K - C formula and first order income transition matrix. Based on this method, we create a new indicator which is called the convergence rate of transition matrix to deal with subjective choices of duration when calculating time - dependent transition matrix. Using the convergence rate, we estimate the length of adjustment cycle of income mobility which contains structural elements of Chinese resi- dents. Our result shows that this length is about 12. 25 years. At last, we calculate Fields index which confirms our conclusion.