CAJ | 학술논문

在《2010年国际贸易术语解释通则》规定的11种贸易术语中,企业收汇风险较大的FOB具有最高的使用频率.本文通过拓展现有异质性企业贸易模型,阐述了贸易成本对企业贸易术语选择行为的影响机制.该模型表明,二元经济结构、要素市场不完善和加工贸易居多是导致出口企业倾向于使用FOB成交的主要原因,贸易术语多元化能够通过增加企业出口机会改善社会福利水平,及时调整企业内外销的相对贸易成本对降低出口收汇风险和平衡我国内外需求水平至关重要.
재《2010년국제무역술어해석통칙》규정적11충무역술어중,기업수회풍험교대적FOB구유최고적사용빈솔.본문통과탁전현유이질성기업무역모형,천술료무역성본대기업무역술어선택행위적영향궤제.해모형표명,이원경제결구、요소시장불완선화가공무역거다시도치출구기업경향우사용FOB성교적주요원인,무역술어다원화능구통과증가기업출구궤회개선사회복이수평,급시조정기업내외소적상대무역성본대강저출구수회풍험화평형아국내외수구수평지관중요.
As one of the eleven terms in the Incoterms rules, FOB has been used most widely even if it may increase the exporter＇s trade risk. By extending the trade model of the existing heterogeneous firms, the paper states the influencing mechanism that the trade costs exert on the firms＇ choice of trade terms. The model shows that the duality of economy, distortions in the factor market and the prevalence of processing exporter contribute to the prevalence of FOB. The diversification of trade terms can improve the social welfare by enhancing the firms＇ export opportunities. Adjusting the relative trade costs between domestic and foreign markets is of vital importance to reduce the exporter＇s risk and balance the domestic and foreign demands.