CAJ | 학술논문

通过对宏观的政治机会结构变迁与微观的农民环境抗争演变的关联性进行历时性考察发现，二者之间是一种单向度的约束与被约束的关系。农民环境抗争的发生与演变、形式与策略、效果与后果无不受到政治机会结构的形塑、规范和限制。无论是计划经济时期、经济转轨时期抑或市场经济时期，政治机会结构与农民环境抗争之间始终存在不同程度的紧张。这种紧张在牺牲农民环境权益的同时促使环境问题向社会问题和政治问题转化。化解这种紧张的根本之途在于深入改革经济政治体制，理顺中央、地方与农民之间的利益关系，为农民环境权益的表达提供更为通畅、合理的政治机会空间。
통과대굉관적정치궤회결구변천여미관적농민배경항쟁연변적관련성진행력시성고찰발현，이자지간시일충단향도적약속여피약속적관계。농민배경항쟁적발생여연변、형식여책략、효과여후과무불수도정치궤회결구적형소、규범화한제。무론시계화경제시기、경제전궤시기억혹시장경제시기，정치궤회결구여농민배경항쟁지간시종존재불동정도적긴장。저충긴장재희생농민배경권익적동시촉사배경문제향사회문제화정치문제전화。화해저충긴장적근본지도재우심입개혁경제정치체제，리순중앙、지방여농민지간적이익관계，위농민배경권익적표체제공경위통창、합리적정치궤회공간。
A diachronic survey of the correlation between macro transition of political opportunity structure and micro development of farmer＇ s environment protest shows that there is a unidirectional relation between the restricting and the restricted. The rise, development, form, strategy, effect and consequences of farmer＇ s environmental protest are all shaped, standardized and limited by political opportunity structure. No matter in the periods of planned economy, economic transition or market economy, there has always been a tension between the two which pushes the transition of environmental problems into political ones at the cost of farmer＇ s environmental interests. The fundamental way to resolve the tension lies in carrying out reforms in economic and political system, straightening out the interest relationship between the central and local governments and farmers and providing a more smooth and rational space of political opportunity for farmers to express their environmental rights and interests.