清史研究
清史研究
청사연구
Studies in Qing History
2014年
2期
111~124
,共null页
旗人 族人 认同 地方化 赖氏
旂人 族人 認同 地方化 賴氏
기인 족인 인동 지방화 뢰씨
八旗制度之运作与旗人认同之变迁，是清史研究的热点问题，以往的研究较少使用民间历史文献，也较少从普通旗人的角度“自下而上”地思考此类重大问题。本文以一份普通的驻防汉军家谱——《福州洋屿颍川赖氏家谱》和其他相关文献为主要资料，较完整地呈现了清代驻防汉军的生活与认同之变迁。赖氏家族自康熙间驻防福州以来，经历了雍正间分防三江口，乾隆间部分“奉命出旗”，清末出现家族整体转型的历程，清晰地展现了汉军旗人从清初驻防地方，到清中叶面临“出旗”压力和生计困境，再到清末建构家族组织和实现地方化的转变。福州赖氏由“旗人”到“族人”的转型，很大程度上代表了普通汉军乃至部分满洲旗人的共同经历。
八旂製度之運作與旂人認同之變遷，是清史研究的熱點問題，以往的研究較少使用民間歷史文獻，也較少從普通旂人的角度“自下而上”地思攷此類重大問題。本文以一份普通的駐防漢軍傢譜——《福州洋嶼潁川賴氏傢譜》和其他相關文獻為主要資料，較完整地呈現瞭清代駐防漢軍的生活與認同之變遷。賴氏傢族自康熙間駐防福州以來，經歷瞭雍正間分防三江口，乾隆間部分“奉命齣旂”，清末齣現傢族整體轉型的歷程，清晰地展現瞭漢軍旂人從清初駐防地方，到清中葉麵臨“齣旂”壓力和生計睏境，再到清末建構傢族組織和實現地方化的轉變。福州賴氏由“旂人”到“族人”的轉型，很大程度上代錶瞭普通漢軍迺至部分滿洲旂人的共同經歷。
팔기제도지운작여기인인동지변천，시청사연구적열점문제，이왕적연구교소사용민간역사문헌，야교소종보통기인적각도“자하이상”지사고차류중대문제。본문이일빈보통적주방한군가보——《복주양서영천뢰씨가보》화기타상관문헌위주요자료，교완정지정현료청대주방한군적생활여인동지변천。뢰씨가족자강희간주방복주이래，경력료옹정간분방삼강구，건륭간부분“봉명출기”，청말출현가족정체전형적역정，청석지전현료한군기인종청초주방지방，도청중협면림“출기”압력화생계곤경，재도청말건구가족조직화실현지방화적전변。복주뢰씨유“기인”도“족인”적전형，흔대정도상대표료보통한군내지부분만주기인적공동경력。
The operation of Eight Banners system and the transformation of Bannermen＇s identity are the hot issues in Qing＇s studies. The previous studies used less folk historical literature, but also researched these major problems less from the perspective of ordinary Bannermen. Based on an ordinary garrisoned Hanjun Bannermen genealogy, ＂ Lai＇s Genealogy,＂ and other relevant documents, this essays reveals more completely the life of garrisoned Hanjun Bannermen and the transformation of their identity. The Lai family was garrisoned in Fuzhou in the Kangxi period, and moved to Sanjiangkou in the Yongzheng period. In Qianlong period, a part of the Lai family were demobilized. In the late Qing, the Lai family was transformed. The history of the Lai family demonstrated clearly the change of garrisoned Han Bannermen over time. In the early Qing the Han Bannermen were garrisoned in various places. By the mid-Qing they faced the pressure of demobilization and livelihood difficulties. In the late Qing they started to construct clan organizations and became part of their locales. The transformation of the Lai family from ＂ Bannermen＂ to ＂ clansmen＂ in Fuzhou largely represented the common experience of ordinary Hanjun Bannermen and even some of the Manchu Bannermen.
