河北经贸大学学报
河北經貿大學學報
하북경무대학학보
Journal Of Hebei University Of Economics and Trade
2014年
3期
6~9
,共null页
改革 所有制 土地集体所有制 个人所有制 土地财政 顶层设计 城市改革 政企分开 政资分离 现代企业制度 治理结构
改革 所有製 土地集體所有製 箇人所有製 土地財政 頂層設計 城市改革 政企分開 政資分離 現代企業製度 治理結構
개혁 소유제 토지집체소유제 개인소유제 토지재정 정층설계 성시개혁 정기분개 정자분리 현대기업제도 치리결구
reform; ownership; collective land ownership; individual ownership; land finance; the top-level design; urbanreform; separate government functions from enterprise management; separate government from the investor; modern enterprisesystem; the governance structure
我国最成功的改革是在农村，成功在于对土地集体所有制范围内农民个人所有权的确认，它是马克思重建个人所有制要求的实现。集体的所有权由联合起来的个人共同行使，体现为公有制，具体占有、使用或消费时，所有权平等地落实到集体中的每一个个人身上，体现为个人所有制。随着生产力水平的提高，土地不适宜分散经营时，仍然应当切实尊重集体范围内每一个农民平等的土地个人所有权，允许他们以出租或入股的方式，参与土地的规模经营或高效开发利用以分享收益。一切商业用地都不应改变土地的集体所有制性质，“土地财政”实际是对农民土地财产和稳定收益的掠夺。城市改革要从真正的政企分开、政资分离做起，区分两种不同的国企和事业单位，由代表全体人民利益的国资委外派董事、监事，实施不同的管理监督方式，充分发挥企事业单位职代会、工会的民主管理作用。集体控股的企业，集体应派出代表，担任董事、监事，与企业职代会、工会共同参与管理监督。没有公有财产参与的企业，应尽可能地让职工个人拥有股份，建立工人自己的工会，通过现代企业制度和治理结构切实维护劳动者的合法权益。
我國最成功的改革是在農村，成功在于對土地集體所有製範圍內農民箇人所有權的確認，它是馬剋思重建箇人所有製要求的實現。集體的所有權由聯閤起來的箇人共同行使，體現為公有製，具體佔有、使用或消費時，所有權平等地落實到集體中的每一箇箇人身上，體現為箇人所有製。隨著生產力水平的提高，土地不適宜分散經營時，仍然應噹切實尊重集體範圍內每一箇農民平等的土地箇人所有權，允許他們以齣租或入股的方式，參與土地的規模經營或高效開髮利用以分享收益。一切商業用地都不應改變土地的集體所有製性質，“土地財政”實際是對農民土地財產和穩定收益的掠奪。城市改革要從真正的政企分開、政資分離做起，區分兩種不同的國企和事業單位，由代錶全體人民利益的國資委外派董事、鑑事，實施不同的管理鑑督方式，充分髮揮企事業單位職代會、工會的民主管理作用。集體控股的企業，集體應派齣代錶，擔任董事、鑑事，與企業職代會、工會共同參與管理鑑督。沒有公有財產參與的企業，應儘可能地讓職工箇人擁有股份，建立工人自己的工會，通過現代企業製度和治理結構切實維護勞動者的閤法權益。
아국최성공적개혁시재농촌，성공재우대토지집체소유제범위내농민개인소유권적학인，타시마극사중건개인소유제요구적실현。집체적소유권유연합기래적개인공동행사，체현위공유제，구체점유、사용혹소비시，소유권평등지락실도집체중적매일개개인신상，체현위개인소유제。수착생산력수평적제고，토지불괄의분산경영시，잉연응당절실존중집체범위내매일개농민평등적토지개인소유권，윤허타문이출조혹입고적방식，삼여토지적규모경영혹고효개발이용이분향수익。일절상업용지도불응개변토지적집체소유제성질，“토지재정”실제시대농민토지재산화은정수익적략탈。성시개혁요종진정적정기분개、정자분리주기，구분량충불동적국기화사업단위，유대표전체인민이익적국자위외파동사、감사，실시불동적관리감독방식，충분발휘기사업단위직대회、공회적민주관리작용。집체공고적기업，집체응파출대표，담임동사、감사，여기업직대회、공회공동삼여관리감독。몰유공유재산삼여적기업，응진가능지양직공개인옹유고빈，건립공인자기적공회，통과현대기업제도화치리결구절실유호노동자적합법권익。
One the most successful reform of China is in the countryside, success lies in the affirmation of the individual farmers＂ ownership within the scope of collective land ownership, it is the implementation of Marx＇s requirement for rebuilding individual ownership. Collective ownership exercises by the combined personal together, in the form of public ownership, possession, use or consumption, equal to the collective ownership of each person, embodied in individual ownership. With the improvement of productivity level, when the land is not suitable for the separate management, we still should be truly respect the equality of every farmer individual ownership within the scope of collective land, allowing them to participate in scale operation or efficient development and utilization of the land in the way of rent or stake to share the benefits. All commercial land should do not change the nature of collective ownership of land, ＂land finance＂ is the depredations of farmers＂ land property and stable earnings actually. Urban reform should start from the real separating government functions from enterprises management, we should separate and distinguish between two different types of state-owned enterprises and public institutions, by representing the interests of all the people＇s state-owned assets supervision and administration commission expatriate directors, supervisors, and implement different ways of management supervision, give full play to the democratic management of the enterprises and institutions of workers＂ congress and trade unions. Enterprises with no public property should let worker individual shares as far as possible, set up workers own union, through the modern enterprise system and governance structure to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of workers.
