CAJ | 학술논문

采用ERP方法，考察了不同认知风格被试在决策过程中的框架效应。分析的脑电成分为N200和P300成分。结果发现：场依存者的反应时显著高于场独立者；场依存者诱发的N200和P300平均波幅均显著低于场独立者；大脑右半球的N200和P300平均波幅均显著高于左半球。这些结果表明，场独立者在决策过程中更具有理性，基本不受决策问题表述方式的影响，且该决策过程主要发生在大脑的右半球。
채용ERP방법，고찰료불동인지풍격피시재결책과정중적광가효응。분석적뇌전성분위N200화P300성분。결과발현：장의존자적반응시현저고우장독립자；장의존자유발적N200화P300평균파폭균현저저우장독립자；대뇌우반구적N200화P300평균파폭균현저고우좌반구。저사결과표명，장독립자재결책과정중경구유이성，기본불수결책문제표술방식적영향，차해결책과정주요발생재대뇌적우반구。
Decision - making as an advanced cognitive activity exists in human daily life. In the past few decades, the rationality of the decision - making process has sparked enormous interest within the fields of psychology and economy. Contrary to conventional ex- pectation, a vast number of reports in the literature and numerous results from research have indicated that people often deviate from re- sponses considered normative in many judgement and decision - making tasks, which is also known as the framing effect in decision - making that different representations of the same problem do not yield the same preference or choice. Traditional research in framing effects has commonly and mainly focused on the risky choice framing effect, whereas research on other types of framing effects and the influential factors seems to be lacking. It can be seen from previous studies that subject＇s charac- teristics, especially cognitive style, play an important role in the decision - making process. In order to examine the influences of cogni- tive styles on decision - making of different types of framing effect, the current study used ERP technology to investigate the differences of cognitive activities and neural mechanisms between individuals with field - dependent cognitive style and field - independent cogni- tively respectively. The types of choice framing effect in the present study included the risky framing effect, the attribute framing effect, and the goal framing effect. Subjects were selected based on the previous questionnaire that asked them to make a choice by pressing the corresponding response key. Results from the analysis of the reaction time and the average amplitude of N200 and P300 in the present study showed that the av- erage amplitudes of N200 and P300 elicited by the participants with field - dependent cognitive style were remarkably lower than the field -independent individuals, whereas the reaction time of the participants with field - dependent cognitive style were remarkably higher than the field - independent subjects. Furthermore, the average amplitudes of N200 and P300 in the left hemisphere were signifi- cantly lower than the right hemisphere, regardless of the cognitive styles. Consistent with the previous studies, the present study demonstrated significant differences of decision - making between individu- als with the two cognitive styles, known as field - dependent and field - independent. The differences existed not only in reaction time but also in brain activities revealed by N200 and P300. The result, that higher mean amplitude of N200 and P300 elicited by the sub- jects with field - independent cognitive style than that of the field - dependent subjects, suggests that more attention resources and fur- ther cognitive processing were assigned to the information of the decision questions in individuals with field - independent cognitive style. Furthermore, the right hemisphere has been proved to play a vital role in the cognitive processing of decision - making, and the right -hemisphere dominance in early evaluation process and later- on cognitive assessment has been found in subjects with both field - dependent cognitive style and field - independent cognitive style. By integrating the research results of the present study with the previous research, two main conclusions can be drawn ： first, com- paring with individuals with field - dependent cognitive style, individuals with field - independent cognitive style put extra cognitive pro- cessing into the initial assessment and feedback process afterwards; second, the right hemisphere plays a vital role in the cognitive pro- cessing of decision - making in subjects with both field - dependent cognitive style and field - independent cognitive style.