CAJ | 학술논문

面对近年我国产品质量安全事故频发、消费者人身安全与健康遭受不同程度的威胁以及出口产品不时被召回或退回的问题，给出了一种基于消费品生命周期和事故致因的隐患识别及表征方法，有助于提升人们对消费品危害规律的认知水平并为消费品风险评价奠定基础．考虑到事故伤害受体的能力和行为会对消费品缺陷或隐患演化及事故伤害后果产生重要影响，在常规风险评价二维矩阵的基础上，加入风险受体的脆弱性要素，提出了消费品风险评价的三维矩阵方法，能够更好地表征消费者能力与行为等主观要素对消费品隐患事故及危害的影响作用．以家用电器风险评价为例，基于欧盟非食品类消费品快速预警系统（RAPEX）对中国消费品通报信息分析和专家评价打分，形成了消费品评价三维风险矩阵，分析了家用电器的风险规律，为消费品的风险评价提供了新思路、新方法．
면대근년아국산품질량안전사고빈발、소비자인신안전여건강조수불동정도적위협이급출구산품불시피소회혹퇴회적문제，급출료일충기우소비품생명주기화사고치인적은환식별급표정방법，유조우제승인문대소비품위해규률적인지수평병위소비품풍험평개전정기출．고필도사고상해수체적능력화행위회대소비품결함혹은환연화급사고상해후과산생중요영향，재상규풍험평개이유구진적기출상，가입풍험수체적취약성요소，제출료소비품풍험평개적삼유구진방법，능구경호지표정소비자능력여행위등주관요소대소비품은환사고급위해적영향작용．이가용전기풍험평개위례，기우구맹비식품류소비품쾌속예경계통（RAPEX）대중국소비품통보신식분석화전가평개타분，형성료소비품평개삼유풍험구진，분석료가용전기적풍험규률，위소비품적풍험평개제공료신사로、신방법．
To address the problems that the product quality and safety accidents occur frequently in our country, the safety and health of consumers suffer from threats to different degrees, and the export products are recalled from time to time in recent years, this paper presents a methodology for life cycle hazard identification aald 3D risk matrix evaluation for non-food consumer products, which is helpful to improve the understanding and perception of consumer product hazards and risks, and to provide a foundation for consumer product risk evaluation. Furthermore, considering that the capability and behavior of individual consumers usually have important influences on the risk levels of consumer product hazards, the paper proposes a 3D approach for evaluating consumer product risks by adding the dimension of consumer vulnerability onto the conventional 2D risk matrix, This new dimension of vulnerability will encompass the impacts of consumer elements such as groups of age, levels of education, and types of consumer attitude or preference. Taking home electric appliances as example and using an expert judgment method and the data and information about the products made in China as reported in the European Union Rapid Alert System for Non-food Products （RAPEX）, the paper illustrates the use of the methodology and demonstrates the methodology as a new way for consumer product safety assessment.