中国工业经济
中國工業經濟
중국공업경제
China Industrial Economy
2014年
5期
5~17
,共null页
工业经济 动力机制 经济增长方式转变
工業經濟 動力機製 經濟增長方式轉變
공업경제 동력궤제 경제증장방식전변
industrial economy; dynamic mechanism; transformation of economic growth pattern
中国工业增长的动力机制已由效率与要素协同驱动型向资本投入主导驱动型转变。以2003年为界．资本投入对工业经济增长的贡献率由年均34．07％大幅提升为89．28％．而全要素生产率进步的贡献率则由年均47．34％骤降为年均-4．08％。与此同时，全要素生产率增长率由年均4．60％急剧下降至年均-0．05％．边际资本产出率由2002年的0．61急剧下降至2012年的0．28。这表明．投资驱动工业经济增长的模式面临严峻的效率问题．其可持续性面临质疑。进一步研究表明，中国工业增长效率急剧恶化的趋势在国际金融危机之前就已经非常显著．国际金融危机并非导致效率恶化的根本原因，只是进一步加剧效率恶化的趋势。当前。由政府主导、投资驱动的工业经济增长方式才是工业增长效率恶化的根源。因此，实现向创新驱动、效率驱动增长方式的转变，关键在于理顺市场与政府关系，即：政府必须为市场建立完善的制度体系，让市场充分发挥其决定性作用；并在尊重市场机制及市场主体意愿的基础上积极作为，促进技术创新与技术转移。
中國工業增長的動力機製已由效率與要素協同驅動型嚮資本投入主導驅動型轉變。以2003年為界．資本投入對工業經濟增長的貢獻率由年均34．07％大幅提升為89．28％．而全要素生產率進步的貢獻率則由年均47．34％驟降為年均-4．08％。與此同時，全要素生產率增長率由年均4．60％急劇下降至年均-0．05％．邊際資本產齣率由2002年的0．61急劇下降至2012年的0．28。這錶明．投資驅動工業經濟增長的模式麵臨嚴峻的效率問題．其可持續性麵臨質疑。進一步研究錶明，中國工業增長效率急劇噁化的趨勢在國際金融危機之前就已經非常顯著．國際金融危機併非導緻效率噁化的根本原因，隻是進一步加劇效率噁化的趨勢。噹前。由政府主導、投資驅動的工業經濟增長方式纔是工業增長效率噁化的根源。因此，實現嚮創新驅動、效率驅動增長方式的轉變，關鍵在于理順市場與政府關繫，即：政府必鬚為市場建立完善的製度體繫，讓市場充分髮揮其決定性作用；併在尊重市場機製及市場主體意願的基礎上積極作為，促進技術創新與技術轉移。
중국공업증장적동력궤제이유효솔여요소협동구동형향자본투입주도구동형전변。이2003년위계．자본투입대공업경제증장적공헌솔유년균34．07％대폭제승위89．28％．이전요소생산솔진보적공헌솔칙유년균47．34％취강위년균-4．08％。여차동시，전요소생산솔증장솔유년균4．60％급극하강지년균-0．05％．변제자본산출솔유2002년적0．61급극하강지2012년적0．28。저표명．투자구동공업경제증장적모식면림엄준적효솔문제．기가지속성면림질의。진일보연구표명，중국공업증장효솔급극악화적추세재국제금융위궤지전취이경비상현저．국제금융위궤병비도치효솔악화적근본원인，지시진일보가극효솔악화적추세。당전。유정부주도、투자구동적공업경제증장방식재시공업증장효솔악화적근원。인차，실현향창신구동、효솔구동증장방식적전변，관건재우리순시장여정부관계，즉：정부필수위시장건립완선적제도체계，양시장충분발휘기결정성작용；병재존중시장궤제급시장주체의원적기출상적겁작위，촉진기술창신여기술전이。
The dynamic mechanism of China＇s industrial growth has already shifted to a mechanism driven by investment instead of efficiency and factor. Taking 2003 as demarcation line, the contribution of investment expansion to economic growth significantly increased from annnal]y average 34.07% to 89.28%. While the TFP＇s contribution substantially declined from annually average 47.34% to -4.08%. At the same time, the growth rate of TFP declined from annually average 4.6% to -0.05%, and the marginal capital output ratio declined from 0.61 in 2002 to 0.28 in 2012. It suggests that investment-driven industrial economic growth mode is face with the rigorous problem of efficiency, and it bring into doubt the sustainability of its high growth. Further research reveals that the rapidly deteriorating trend of China＇s industrial growth efficiency has been notable before the financial crisis. That means the financial crisis was not the principal cause of the deterioration of efficiency, which only further exacerbate it. At the grass-roots such efficiency loss stems from China＇s state-led and investment-driven industry development model. Therefore, the key is to straighten the relationship between government and market, aimed at realizing the transformation to innovation and efficiency-driven growth mode. That is, government should build perfect institutional system for market, and positively act on the base of respected the market mechanism and the market main body＇s intention, then improves the technological innovation and technology transformation.
