中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2014年
3期
139~144
,共null页
运动员 自备比赛器械 三冗余
運動員 自備比賽器械 三冗餘
운동원 자비비새기계 삼용여
athlete ; self-providing competitive apparatus ; triple-redundancy
运用文献资料调研、访谈和逻辑分析等方法,提出运动员自备比赛器械参赛的三冗余问题,并对其进行理论分析。主要结论:1)在运动员参赛系统中,运动员自备比赛器械参赛的三冗余起着基础性和根本性作用。比赛中,在理想状态下,运动员可以以良好的竞技状态参赛,正常发挥竞技水平;当比赛器械出现意外或突发事件时,运动员能迅速利用冗余器械(或者用关键部位或易损件的冗余部件)做出反应,调整竞技状态,正常参赛;2)在经费、器材质量和维护等因素限制条件下,把三冗余定为运动员自备比赛器械参赛的基本原则;3)运动员对自备比赛器械参赛三冗余基本原则的应用中,确定冗余度的依据有运动项目的竞赛规则、赛制、运动员的训练和参赛经验、运动员对对手的重视程度;对备用器械的换用依据有比赛条件、运动员的主观感觉、比赛器械故障或损坏和针对对手技术特点的战术选择需要;4)国际乒联新规则出台后,运动员自备比赛器械参赛的三冗余理论在中国乒乓球队参加世界大赛中有所体现。
運用文獻資料調研、訪談和邏輯分析等方法,提齣運動員自備比賽器械參賽的三冗餘問題,併對其進行理論分析。主要結論:1)在運動員參賽繫統中,運動員自備比賽器械參賽的三冗餘起著基礎性和根本性作用。比賽中,在理想狀態下,運動員可以以良好的競技狀態參賽,正常髮揮競技水平;噹比賽器械齣現意外或突髮事件時,運動員能迅速利用冗餘器械(或者用關鍵部位或易損件的冗餘部件)做齣反應,調整競技狀態,正常參賽;2)在經費、器材質量和維護等因素限製條件下,把三冗餘定為運動員自備比賽器械參賽的基本原則;3)運動員對自備比賽器械參賽三冗餘基本原則的應用中,確定冗餘度的依據有運動項目的競賽規則、賽製、運動員的訓練和參賽經驗、運動員對對手的重視程度;對備用器械的換用依據有比賽條件、運動員的主觀感覺、比賽器械故障或損壞和針對對手技術特點的戰術選擇需要;4)國際乒聯新規則齣檯後,運動員自備比賽器械參賽的三冗餘理論在中國乒乓毬隊參加世界大賽中有所體現。
운용문헌자료조연、방담화라집분석등방법,제출운동원자비비새기계삼새적삼용여문제,병대기진행이론분석。주요결론:1)재운동원삼새계통중,운동원자비비새기계삼새적삼용여기착기출성화근본성작용。비새중,재이상상태하,운동원가이이량호적경기상태삼새,정상발휘경기수평;당비새기계출현의외혹돌발사건시,운동원능신속이용용여기계(혹자용관건부위혹역손건적용여부건)주출반응,조정경기상태,정상삼새;2)재경비、기재질량화유호등인소한제조건하,파삼용여정위운동원자비비새기계삼새적기본원칙;3)운동원대자비비새기계삼새삼용여기본원칙적응용중,학정용여도적의거유운동항목적경새규칙、새제、운동원적훈련화삼새경험、운동원대대수적중시정도;대비용기계적환용의거유비새조건、운동원적주관감각、비새기계고장혹손배화침대대수기술특점적전술선택수요;4)국제핑련신규칙출태후,운동원자비비새기계삼새적삼용여이론재중국핑퐁구대삼가세계대새중유소체현。
By using the literature review, interview and logic analysis, this paper analyzes triple- redundancy of self-providing competitive apparatus for athletes in competition. The conclusions are as follows: 1) In the system of athletes competing in," the triple-redundancy of self-provi- ding competitive apparatus for athletes in competition" plays a basic and fundamental role. Un- der ideal conditions, the athletes can perform the normal competitive level with a good competi- tive state in competition;when the competitive apparatus has accidents or emergencies, the ath- letes can quickly take advantage of the redundant apparatus (or redundant components of key parts or wearing parts) to react, adjust the competitive state, and make sure that the competi- tion goes smoothly. 2) Due to the limits of funding, apparatus quality and maintenance, the tri- ple-redundancy is set up as the basic principle for the athletes to provide the competitive appa- ratus by them. 3) In the application of the basic principles, redundancy is determined by the competition rules, the competition system, the athletes ' experience of training and competition and to what degree the athletes take the rivals seriously ; some factors should be taken into con- sideration when adopting the back-up--competing conditions, subjective feeling of the athletes and the breakdown, damage of competitive apparatus or the needs of tactical options against ri- val's technology. 4) After introduction of ITTF new rules,"the triple-redundancy theory of self-providing competitive apparatus for athletes in competition" was applied by Chinese table tennis team in the international competition.