CAJ | 학술논문

人与社会的关系是政治哲学的核心命题。近代德国政治哲学强调国家，通过伦理与精神的统一奠定了普遍性的政治观念。费尔巴哈把人而非国家视作政治观念的总体，他对“类”概念进行绝对化的理论抽象，开创了反思性的人的原则，而由于他拒斥理性中介，即使最大限度的预设了人的感性生活，却无法超越精神哲学体系。马克思坚持了费尔巴哈关于政治伦理外在于人的判断，继而认定人不只是“概念的政治”的总体，且应当成为实践活动的主体，全面占有自己的本质，继而消灭政治社会的异化规定。马克思把人的共同体——“类”定义为必要的理性中介，将它置于人与社会的关系之中予以扬弃，是实现普遍人类解放的前提。
인여사회적관계시정치철학적핵심명제。근대덕국정치철학강조국가，통과윤리여정신적통일전정료보편성적정치관념。비이파합파인이비국가시작정치관념적총체，타대“류”개념진행절대화적이론추상，개창료반사성적인적원칙，이유우타거척이성중개，즉사최대한도적예설료인적감성생활，각무법초월정신철학체계。마극사견지료비이파합관우정치윤리외재우인적판단，계이인정인불지시“개념적정치”적총체，차응당성위실천활동적주체，전면점유자기적본질，계이소멸정치사회적이화규정。마극사파인적공동체——“류”정의위필요적이성중개，장타치우인여사회적관계지중여이양기，시실현보편인류해방적전제。
The relationship between human and society is the core proposition of political German political philosophy emphasizes the nation, and generates the ideas of universal politics through the union of ethics and spirits. Feuerbach regarded human as the whole of political conception rather than the nation. He abstracted the conception of “category” and initiated human＇s introspective principle. However, he rejected the rational intermediary; as a result, although human＇s sensuous life has been explained to the utmost extent, he cannot surpass the system of mental philosophy. Marx insisted Feuerbach＇s notion that political ethics is far beyond human-beings. Consequently, he adheres to Feuerbach＇s judgment on political ethics,then recognizes that people are not just “political conception” overall, and should become the subject of practice activities,and then destroy the political and social alienation provisions. Marx has identified the human community - “category” as the necessary rational agency, putting it into the relationship between man and society as a prerequisite for achieving universal human emancipation.