CAJ | 학술논문

均衡化是我国义务教育改革的一项重要议题.政府作为此项改革的主导,试图改变过去市场体制下教育领域中出现的城乡非均衡、校际和班际差距过大、择校行为等问题.与上述改革措施相对应的制度选择是科层制,在解决问题的同时,却隐含着其他问题出现的可能.在对华北某县教育均衡化改革调查基础上,本文从规则与自由、统一性与多样化、存量与增量、限制择校与鼓励择校、社会静止与社会流动、差异的必然性与适度性等几个维度上,对于科层制制度选择进行了分析,并指出了其存在着政府干预过多、削弱学校组织能力、政治目的取代教育目的等僵硬性的制度特征.
균형화시아국의무교육개혁적일항중요의제.정부작위차항개혁적주도,시도개변과거시장체제하교육영역중출현적성향비균형、교제화반제차거과대、택교행위등문제.여상술개혁조시상대응적제도선택시과층제,재해결문제적동시,각은함착기타문제출현적가능.재대화북모현교육균형화개혁조사기출상,본문종규칙여자유、통일성여다양화、존량여증량、한제택교여고려택교、사회정지여사회류동、차이적필연성여괄도성등궤개유도상,대우과층제제도선택진행료분석,병지출료기존재착정부간예과다、삭약학교조직능력、정치목적취대교육목적등강경성적제도특정.
Equalization is a challenging theme of reform for compulsory education in China. Some measures have been taken first in some pilot areas and recently spread out across whole country. Bureaucratic mechanism, in contrast to market mechanism, is assumed to be employed for this reform. The aim of the reform is to solve the problems such as： unequal educational development between urban and rural areas, significant disparities among schools and classes, school choice and injustice, low satisfaction of citizens on education and so forth. The bureaucracy mechanism creates some new problems while solving existing ones. Based on field work in a county in northern China, from several theoretical dimensions, this paper explores such potential issues as the interference from governments, weakening schools＇ organization competence, and educational aims replaced by political aims.