CAJ | 학술논문

完善经验是个体经验形成与发展是一种理想状态,指个体能够通过多种途径获得经验,通过反思与改进形成一个良性的、有效的、协调的、具有指导意义的经验体系.现阶段,我国的学校教育存在着只注重间接的、抽象的、符号的经验学习,忽略感觉的、直接的、具体的经验学习;重视集体经验的共同性和普遍性,忽视个体经验的特殊性、多样性和多元性;重视经验获得的结果,忽视经验获得的过程;认知经验、行动经验、情感经验发展不平衡等问题.基于本文提出的完善经验教育变革,在课程设置方面,应该关注直接的、具体的、个人的经验,体现经验的多样性、连续性、顺序性和整合性;注重反思经验和复杂经验的形成,注重给学生提供从社会生产生活实际中获取经验的机会和环境.在教学过程中改变学生的学习方式,教学出发点应关注个人经验,学习评价提倡对经验形成和改造过程进行多元评价.
완선경험시개체경험형성여발전시일충이상상태,지개체능구통과다충도경획득경험,통과반사여개진형성일개량성적、유효적、협조적、구유지도의의적경험체계.현계단,아국적학교교육존재착지주중간접적、추상적、부호적경험학습,홀략감각적、직접적、구체적경험학습;중시집체경험적공동성화보편성,홀시개체경험적특수성、다양성화다원성;중시경험획득적결과,홀시경험획득적과정;인지경험、행동경험、정감경험발전불평형등문제.기우본문제출적완선경험교육변혁,재과정설치방면,응해관주직접적、구체적、개인적경험,체현경험적다양성、련속성、순서성화정합성;주중반사경험화복잡경험적형성,주중급학생제공종사회생산생활실제중획취경험적궤회화배경.재교학과정중개변학생적학습방식,교학출발점응관주개인경험,학습평개제창대경험형성화개조과정진행다원평개.
Well-run experience is a kind of ideal situation, in which one can gain experience from many ways, and form a benign, effective, coordinated and directive significant experience system by reviewing and improving. In current stage, the education in our school concentrates more on the learning of indirect, abstract, and symbolic experience, ignores the learning of the conceptive, direct, and specific experience; concentrates more on the common and universality of collective experience, ignores the specificity, plurality and variety of individual experience. Based on well-run experience, this paper puts forward, in the curriculum design, we should concentrate more on direct, specific, individual experience and embody the variety, continuity and integration of experience; the formation of reviewing and complex experience; and the opportunities and environment that let students gain experience from real life. Teachers should change the ways of students＇ learning in teaching process, concentrate more on individual experience, and evaluate students based on various perspectives.