CAJ | 학술논문

依照文化心理学“一种心智、多种心态”的原则,本文先提出一个普世性的自我的曼陀罗模型,然后以之作为基础,分析先秦儒家诸多有关于自我修养的论述,希望建构出“含摄儒家文化的自我修养理论”,作为发展本土心理学或本土社会科学的基础.从本文的分析中,我们可以看出：先秦儒家心目中的理想,是每一个“人”（Person）都必须要能够成为“君子”.为了教导弟子们如何成为一个“人”,先秦儒家诸子提出了许多“智慧”的话语,一方面教导弟子们如何“以道修身”;一方面要求弟子们努力学习,追求“知识”的增长,以走出自我的“人生之道”.本文引用德国文化心理学者Eckensberger的“行动理论”,来说明儒家的自我修养理论,一方面与西方学者对于儒家思想的诠释进行对话;一方面批判德国古典社会学大师马克斯·韦伯在《中国的宗教》一书中对于“儒教”的误解.借由本文的案例,作者希望能够说明,如何运用“多重哲学典范”建构“含摄文化的心理学理论”以达成整合“科学心理学”与“意图心理学”的目标.
의조문화심이학“일충심지、다충심태”적원칙,본문선제출일개보세성적자아적만타라모형,연후이지작위기출,분석선진유가제다유관우자아수양적논술,희망건구출“함섭유가문화적자아수양이론”,작위발전본토심이학혹본토사회과학적기출.종본문적분석중,아문가이간출：선진유가심목중적이상,시매일개“인”（Person）도필수요능구성위“군자”.위료교도제자문여하성위일개“인”,선진유가제자제출료허다“지혜”적화어,일방면교도제자문여하“이도수신”;일방면요구제자문노역학습,추구“지식”적증장,이주출자아적“인생지도”.본문인용덕국문화심이학자Eckensberger적“행동이론”,래설명유가적자아수양이론,일방면여서방학자대우유가사상적전석진행대화;일방면비판덕국고전사회학대사마극사·위백재《중국적종교》일서중대우“유교”적오해.차유본문적안례,작자희망능구설명,여하운용“다중철학전범”건구“함섭문화적심이학이론”이체성정합“과학심이학”여“의도심이학”적목표.
Following the principle of cultural psychology：＂One mind, many mentalities＂, this article first proposes an universal Mandala model of self, then uses it as a framework for analyzing pre-Qin Confucianists＇ related discourse for the sake of constructing culture-inclusive theory of Confucian self-cultivation. Pre-Qin Confucianists expected every ＂person＂ to become a chun tzu, they proposed numerous words of wisdom to teach their disciples how to cultivate themselves with Rendao （Way of Bevovelence） and how to pursue the growth of knowledge by hard-working. Eckensberger＇s action theory is cited to illustrate the Confucian theory of self- cultivation, which is used to criticize Max Weber＇s misunderstanding on Confucianism in his famous works on Religions of China. Using this case as an exemplar, the author expects to illustrate how to construct culture-inclusive theory of psychology by the approach multiple philosophical paradigms in order to integrate scientific psychology and intentional psychology.