CAJ | 학술논문

教师数量的学校分布与实际需不匹配，是制约我国农村教育质量提升的重因素。问题的关键在于，基于生师比单维指标的教师编制核算方式不切合学校教学的班级组织形式对教师的需求，导致教师数量未能满足正常的教育教学、教师的学习提升以及保证教师身心健康的需。为此，应推行农村教师数量保障的综合改革，在学校层面采用“基本编＋机动编”的方式配置教师；建立兼顾教育公平及教师资源利用效率，以课程设置、学生数量的年级和班级分布为基本参数的教师编制标准测算模型，科学核定基本编；依据轮训周期和轮训时间设置机动编的比例，保证每位农村教师能有充足的培训时间。
교사수량적학교분포여실제수불필배，시제약아국농촌교육질량제승적중인소。문제적관건재우，기우생사비단유지표적교사편제핵산방식불절합학교교학적반급조직형식대교사적수구，도치교사수량미능만족정상적교육교학、교사적학습제승이급보증교사신심건강적수。위차，응추행농촌교사수량보장적종합개혁，재학교층면채용“기본편＋궤동편”적방식배치교사；건립겸고교육공평급교사자원이용효솔，이과정설치、학생수량적년급화반급분포위기본삼수적교사편제표준측산모형，과학핵정기본편；의거륜훈주기화륜훈시간설치궤동편적비례，보증매위농촌교사능유충족적배훈시간。
The fact that the distribution of the number of rural school teachers does not match with the actual need, is an important factor which restricts the improvement of the quality of rural education. The key problem is that the accounting method based on the student-teacher ratio is not adapted to the normal ＇teaching need based on class organization, therefore, the number of teachers cannot meet the needs of normal teaching, learning and improving of teachers, and ensure teachers＂ health. We should carry out comprehensive reform to ensure adequate number of rural teachers, adopt the way of ＂basic authorized size of teachers＋additional authorized size of teachers＂ to allocate teachers. We can construct a scientific calculation model of basic authorized size of teachers whose parameters are curriculum arrangement, grades and class distribution of students＂ number, based on educational equity and using efficiency of teachers＂ human resources. We must set the ratio of additional authorized size of teachers to ensure that every rural teacher has sufficient training time, according to training cycle and training time.