天津体育学院学报
天津體育學院學報
천진체육학원학보
Journal of Tianjin Institute of Physical Education
2014年
2期
100~104
,共null页
下肢打水 推进力 动态系统理论 约束 动作协调
下肢打水 推進力 動態繫統理論 約束 動作協調
하지타수 추진력 동태계통이론 약속 동작협조
lower limb underwater kicking; Thrust; dynamic system theory; constraint; coordination
下肢击水的核心目标是增大游进的推力。从能量的角度分析，动力（推力）和阻力都来自于涡旋。高效率的推进依赖游进者的身体与流体流动环境相互作用的优化，即涡旋强度的平衡。高水平的打水模式是：下肢各关节依次运动向足部方向产生正弦波动，振动速度不发生衰减。人体系统无论对熟悉（如：脚蹼）还是不熟悉的任务型约束（如：腿蹼），在相应的运动模式未建立起来之前，都可以迅速地在训练前期加以调节。当任务型约束为非熟悉形式时，整合过程会延长。说明运动练习手段和辅助训练器材的时效性是一个值得关注的既有理论价值又有实践意义的课题。
下肢擊水的覈心目標是增大遊進的推力。從能量的角度分析，動力（推力）和阻力都來自于渦鏇。高效率的推進依賴遊進者的身體與流體流動環境相互作用的優化，即渦鏇彊度的平衡。高水平的打水模式是：下肢各關節依次運動嚮足部方嚮產生正絃波動，振動速度不髮生衰減。人體繫統無論對熟悉（如：腳蹼）還是不熟悉的任務型約束（如：腿蹼），在相應的運動模式未建立起來之前，都可以迅速地在訓練前期加以調節。噹任務型約束為非熟悉形式時，整閤過程會延長。說明運動練習手段和輔助訓練器材的時效性是一箇值得關註的既有理論價值又有實踐意義的課題。
하지격수적핵심목표시증대유진적추력。종능량적각도분석，동력（추력）화조력도래자우와선。고효솔적추진의뢰유진자적신체여류체류동배경상호작용적우화，즉와선강도적평형。고수평적타수모식시：하지각관절의차운동향족부방향산생정현파동，진동속도불발생쇠감。인체계통무론대숙실（여：각복）환시불숙실적임무형약속（여：퇴복），재상응적운동모식미건립기래지전，도가이신속지재훈련전기가이조절。당임무형약속위비숙실형식시，정합과정회연장。설명운동연습수단화보조훈련기재적시효성시일개치득관주적기유이론개치우유실천의의적과제。
The core target of lower limbs kicking is to increase swimming thrust. Based on the view of energy analysis, both power （thrust） and resistance are come from the vortex. High efficiency promoting relies on the optimization of interaction between swimmer and fluid flow： the balance of vortex intensity. A high level kicking model is： all joints of the lower extremity generate sine wave to the direction of foot, vibration velocity does not decay. Either to the familiar or to the unfamiliar task constraints, the human system could adjusted quickly in the early stage of training before the corresponding motion mode was established. When a task constraint is unfamiliar, the integration process would be longer. It indicated that there are theoretical and practical values for the study on the time effectiveness of exercise methods and auxiliary training equipments.
