CAJ | 학술논문

公海渔业资源养护和利用的国际法应当是建立在资源生物特性之上的一种法律规范。只有符合资源生物特性的制度安排才能有效应对世界渔业危机。实践证明。将投入控制和产出控制相结合的制度安排是对资源生态整体特性的有力回应。能有效遏制资源衰退。从制度的本质来看，不得超越总可捕量的共同义务是制度有效运行的前提条件，一旦突破总可捕量底线，权利的实现便不能得到保障．这是一种“皮之不存。毛将焉附”的逻辑关系；其次，海洋渔业权制度公法色彩浓厚。无论是准入制度还是监管层面。离不开公权力的有效干预和保障；此外。渔业权权利束中的配额权和捕捞权亦非等同。没有获得配额并不意味着捕鱼权的消灭。有捕鱼权也并不意味着能够获取配额。权利的持续实现以遵守自然规律的捕捞为前提。最后，从制度整体看，公海渔业危机的化解．应是一个基于不同产权实施模式的综合管理问题，不仅仅是私人财产权，还应包括公共财产权、混合财产权等。只有牢牢把握制度实质．在科学确定总可捕量的前提之下。通过落实有限准入、健全分配机制、加强监管、深化合作等手段互相配合，才能实现公海渔业资源的永续利用。
공해어업자원양호화이용적국제법응당시건립재자원생물특성지상적일충법률규범。지유부합자원생물특성적제도안배재능유효응대세계어업위궤。실천증명。장투입공제화산출공제상결합적제도안배시대자원생태정체특성적유력회응。능유효알제자원쇠퇴。종제도적본질래간，불득초월총가포량적공동의무시제도유효운행적전제조건，일단돌파총가포량저선，권리적실현편불능득도보장．저시일충“피지불존。모장언부”적라집관계；기차，해양어업권제도공법색채농후。무론시준입제도환시감관층면。리불개공권력적유효간예화보장；차외。어업권권리속중적배액권화포로권역비등동。몰유획득배액병불의미착포어권적소멸。유포어권야병불의미착능구획취배액。권리적지속실현이준수자연규률적포로위전제。최후，종제도정체간，공해어업위궤적화해．응시일개기우불동산권실시모식적종합관리문제，불부부시사인재산권，환응포괄공공재산권、혼합재산권등。지유뢰뢰파악제도실질．재과학학정총가포량적전제지하。통과락실유한준입、건전분배궤제、가강감관、심화합작등수단호상배합，재능실현공해어업자원적영속이용。
International legal regime about fishery resources conservation and utilization should such a legal norm, which built on top of the biological characteristics of resources. Only institutional arrangements that comply with the biological characteristics of the resources can respond effectively to the crisis in world fisheries. Practice has proved that the institutional arrangements that input control and output control are combined each other can effectively curb the resources recession. Essentially, the common obligation that does not exceed the total allowable catch system is the fundamental guarantee of system running. Once the TAC is broken, the realization of rights can not be guaranteed. Besides, the right of marine fisheries has obviously public law attributes. Either access system or regulatory, requires the public authority to intervene and guarantee effectively ;in addition, quotas and fishing rights are not equal rights. No quota does not mean the elimination of fishing rights, and getting fishing rights does not mean getting quota. Realization of the rights must comply with the laws of nature. Finally, from the overall perspective of the system, coping with high seas fisheries crisis should be based on the implementation of integrated management of different modes of property rights, not just private property ; public property and mixed property rights should be included. Only firmly grasping the essence of system, under the premise of scientifically determining the total allowable catch, through strict access, sound distribution mechanism, strengthening supervision, and deepening cooperation, we can achieve the sustainable use of marine fishery resources.