CAJ | 학술논문

埃利奥特是美国近现代史上典型的教育领导者之一.国内学者较为全面地研究了他一生中所从事的教育实践,但是埃利奥特从事教育实践的原因与动力仍有待进一步探究.在美国内战之后,大多数中上层人士都关注如何重塑民族-国家的问题,各个教派与政党相互勾结,争相成为“新美国民族”的引路人.美国大到各个州的政党竞选,小到各个县郡的学校领导人的选举,都浸染在这种氛围里面,学院（大学）几乎成了各个教派信徒的培养基地.在这种环境之下,埃利奥特倡导学院（大学）教育应由民主而非教派决定,应摒弃党派之见,共同为美国民族-国家共同体服务,培育未来的参政议政精英而非各个教派的信徒.到了19世纪末,由于自由主义导致美国社会弊端日益凸显,埃利奥特的教育思想也有相应转变.
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Charles W. Eliot is one of the typical figures of educational leadership in the modern United States. A lot of Chinese scholars have focused on Eliot＇ s public educational practice during his life recently. However, it remains to further explore the causes and motivation behind such educational practice of Eliot. After the civil war, most people of the middle and the upper class concerned the issue of reconstruction of the nation-state. The political parties and religious group compete or corporate with each other to become the leader of the new nation. Such a phenomenon can be found anywhere, including election of political party in a state, election of a president of a school in a county. President Eliot want to change such phenomenon. He insisted that university should be based on democracy instead of sectarian prejudice, and that university ought not to discipline a sectarian loyalty but to cultivate reasonable citizenship. At the end of 19th century, Eliot＇ s educational ideals changed because he realized the liberalism lead to a lot of evil in the social of United States.