CAJ | 학술논문

释明在两大法系主要国家的存在形式有别，但其功能与价值有共通之处，即追求实质正义与程序正当的统一，实现“该胜者胜诉，该败者败诉”；保障当事人的程序主体性，避免“突袭性裁判”；促进纠纷在一审程序中“一揽子”解决，提高裁判结果的可接受性从而提升诉讼效率。释明要求法官是中立的裁判者，但不是旁观者，其理念与规范在我国民事诉讼立法、司法解释及规范性文件中已有初步体现，尚待进一步科学化与体系化。当前亟需明确释明的具体对象与界限，健全释明的激励与约束机制。释明的方式是审判的艺术，对法官的素养有较高的要求。
석명재량대법계주요국가적존재형식유별，단기공능여개치유공통지처，즉추구실질정의여정서정당적통일，실현“해성자성소，해패자패소”；보장당사인적정서주체성，피면“돌습성재판”；촉진규분재일심정서중“일람자”해결，제고재판결과적가접수성종이제승소송효솔。석명요구법관시중립적재판자，단불시방관자，기이념여규범재아국민사소송입법、사법해석급규범성문건중이유초보체현，상대진일보과학화여체계화。당전극수명학석명적구체대상여계한，건전석명적격려여약속궤제。석명적방식시심판적예술，대법관적소양유교고적요구。
Aufklarungsrecht is expressed by different forms in the countries of two law system, but they have commonality in function and value, pursuing the unification between essential justice and procedure legitimacy, realizing that ＂the two parties all get what they deserve＂; guaranteeing the subjectivity of the partiesduring the procedure, avoiding ＂surprise judgment＂ ; promoting package solution for dispute in the first instance procedure, improving the acceptability of judgments, so as to improving litigation efficiency. Aufklarungsrecht require the judge to be as a neutral party but not a bystander. This philosophy and regulations have preliminarily showed in our civil action legislation, judicial interpretation and normative documents and it needs to be further more scientific and systematic. The first thing is to specify the specific object and limit of aufklarungsrecht and perfect incentive and constraint mechanism of aufklarungsrecht. The way of aufklarungsrecht is an art of trial, it needs judges to be equipped with higher qualities.