经济学家
經濟學傢
경제학가
Economist
2014年
7期
55~65
,共null页
SBM模型 环境技术效率 收敛性检验 门槛效应
SBM模型 環境技術效率 收斂性檢驗 門檻效應
SBM모형 배경기술효솔 수렴성검험 문함효응
SBM model; Environmental technological efficiency; Convergence test; Threshold effects
文章基于DEA—SBM模型，测度了节能减排约束下工业行业的环境技术效率，检验了环境技术效率的收敛性和门槛效应。结果表明，我国工业行业环境技术效率总体偏低，但大多数行业环境技术效率都有不断提高的趋势，存在向环境技术前沿的追赶效应。引领环境生产前沿的创新者始终是高新技术产业和清洁产业，今后的结构调整应重点扶持与发展技术含量高的产业和清洁产业。收敛性检验结果表明，低排放行业既存在绝对收敛又存在条件收敛，具有俱乐部收敛特征；全部行业和高排放行业不存在绝对收敛，但存在条件收敛，说明环境政策及扶持力度需要向高排放行业倾斜。环境规制强度与环境技术效率之间存在非线性的三重门槛特征，且对于不同行业作用有别，环境规制政策的制定应避免陷入盲目提高环境规制强度的误区。
文章基于DEA—SBM模型，測度瞭節能減排約束下工業行業的環境技術效率，檢驗瞭環境技術效率的收斂性和門檻效應。結果錶明，我國工業行業環境技術效率總體偏低，但大多數行業環境技術效率都有不斷提高的趨勢，存在嚮環境技術前沿的追趕效應。引領環境生產前沿的創新者始終是高新技術產業和清潔產業，今後的結構調整應重點扶持與髮展技術含量高的產業和清潔產業。收斂性檢驗結果錶明，低排放行業既存在絕對收斂又存在條件收斂，具有俱樂部收斂特徵；全部行業和高排放行業不存在絕對收斂，但存在條件收斂，說明環境政策及扶持力度需要嚮高排放行業傾斜。環境規製彊度與環境技術效率之間存在非線性的三重門檻特徵，且對于不同行業作用有彆，環境規製政策的製定應避免陷入盲目提高環境規製彊度的誤區。
문장기우DEA—SBM모형，측도료절능감배약속하공업행업적배경기술효솔，검험료배경기술효솔적수렴성화문함효응。결과표명，아국공업행업배경기술효솔총체편저，단대다수행업배경기술효솔도유불단제고적추세，존재향배경기술전연적추간효응。인령배경생산전연적창신자시종시고신기술산업화청길산업，금후적결구조정응중점부지여발전기술함량고적산업화청길산업。수렴성검험결과표명，저배방행업기존재절대수렴우존재조건수렴，구유구악부수렴특정；전부행업화고배방행업불존재절대수렴，단존재조건수렴，설명배경정책급부지력도수요향고배방행업경사。배경규제강도여배경기술효솔지간존재비선성적삼중문함특정，차대우불동행업작용유별，배경규제정책적제정응피면함입맹목제고배경규제강도적오구。
Based on DEA - SBM model, this paper measures the environmental technological efficiency under the constraints of energy conservation and emission reduction and tests the convergence and threshold effect of environmental technological effi- ciency. The results show that the overall efficiency of Chinese industries tends to be low, but most industries have the trends of increasing the efficiency as well as the catch - up effects of environmental technology frontier. The innovators guiding environmental production frontier are always hi - tech industry and clean industry. In the future, structural adjustment should focus on supporting and developing them. Convergence test show that there is absolute convergence and conditional convergence in low- emission in- dustries. They take the characteristic of club convergence. There is no absolute convergence but conditional convergence in all the industries and high - emission industries, which suggests that environmental policy and support efforts need to favor high - emission industries. There is non - linear triple threshold features between the intensity of environment controls and environmental technological efficiency, and they take different roles among various industries. The making of the policy of environmental controls should avoid stepping into the misunderstanding of improving the intensity of environment controls blindly.
