CAJ | 학술논문

世界高等教育正进入大众化和普及化发展阶段，不断扩大的学生规模使大学越来越陷入经费不足的窘境。此时，政府面临公共预算约束开始减少教育财政投入而且拨款方式发生变化，大学不得不满足学生和家长多样化的需求以使学费上涨。从世界各国高等教育发展的实践来看，提高科研和教学服务水平并参与竞争以获得市场化收入的多渠道筹资局面正在形成。相比国外大学经费来源多元化，我国过分依赖政府公共财政投入和收取学费，经费来源少且不稳定。随着市场经济体制改革深入进行，如何调整大学与政府、大学与市场、大学与社会的发展关系，提高大学自主经营能力，开拓经费来源渠道，是当前我国大学生存与发展面临的重要课题。
세계고등교육정진입대음화화보급화발전계단，불단확대적학생규모사대학월래월함입경비불족적군경。차시，정부면림공공예산약속개시감소교육재정투입이차발관방식발생변화，대학불득불만족학생화가장다양화적수구이사학비상창。종세계각국고등교육발전적실천래간，제고과연화교학복무수평병삼여경쟁이획득시장화수입적다거도주자국면정재형성。상비국외대학경비래원다원화，아국과분의뢰정부공공재정투입화수취학비，경비래원소차불은정。수착시장경제체제개혁심입진행，여하조정대학여정부、대학여시장、대학여사회적발전관계，제고대학자주경영능력，개탁경비래원거도，시당전아국대학생존여발전면림적중요과제。
With worldwide higher education moving into the stage of popularization, the universities gradually fall into the plight of insufficient funds for continuously expansive scale of students. At this time, facing with the constraints of public budget, the government begins to reduce financial investment of education and change the mode of funding, and universities have to raise tuition to meet the diverse needs of students and parents. From the development of worldwide higher education, multi-channel financing system, which improves the level of scientific research and teaching service and acquires the mercerization income through participating in competition, is in process of formation. Compared with diversified sources of funding for universities in foreign countries, Chinese universities rely too much on the government＇s public financial investment and the collection of tuition, which are low and unstable. With the in-depth reform of market economic system, how to adjust the development relationships between university and government, society or market so that to improve universities＇ ability of independent operation and exploit the channels of financial resources is the current important subject that relates to the development and subsistence of Chinese universities.