CAJ | 학술논문

文章选取地处成都近郊三圣花乡旅游景区原住民为研究对象，采用质性分析方法，基于扎根理论的步步深入分析，尝试对原住民生存感知因子进行探索性识别，构建生存感知模型。研究表明，经济水平差异仅仅是原住民生存感知的一个重要组成部分，原住民生存感知是由经济水平差异、居住环境差异、社会支持差异以及人口特征差异四个范畴共同作用、交互影响形成的；经济水平、居住环境等方面客观存在的现实差异仅是影响原住民生存感知的直接外在因素，原住民选择谁作为参考群体，更看重四个影响因素中的哪一个，由此获得相对满足和相对剥夺的主观感受，才是影响原住民生存状态感知的决定性因素。研究成果可激发学者对旅游开发背景下社区居民边缘化理论的进一步思考，也可成为城郊乡村旅游景区制定和完善综合治理政策的参考。
문장선취지처성도근교삼골화향여유경구원주민위연구대상，채용질성분석방법，기우찰근이론적보보심입분석，상시대원주민생존감지인자진행탐색성식별，구건생존감지모형。연구표명，경제수평차이부부시원주민생존감지적일개중요조성부분，원주민생존감지시유경제수평차이、거주배경차이、사회지지차이이급인구특정차이사개범주공동작용、교호영향형성적；경제수평、거주배경등방면객관존재적현실차이부시영향원주민생존감지적직접외재인소，원주민선택수작위삼고군체，경간중사개영향인소중적나일개，유차획득상대만족화상대박탈적주관감수，재시영향원주민생존상태감지적결정성인소。연구성과가격발학자대여유개발배경하사구거민변연화이론적진일보사고，야가성위성교향촌여유경구제정화완선종합치리정책적삼고。
The development of Sansheng Flower Village has been regarded as a successful model of tourism enriching the local residents in a suburban area of Chengdu. However, since the land leases expired in 2003, the local residents have blockaded the entrance to the scenic spot several times because of the conflicts on land compensation, house rental prices, and other related issues. It is urgent to raise concerns about the perceptions of life of the landless native residents. This paper aims to study the formation of the local Sansheng residents＇ perceptions of life under the influence of urbanization and tourism development. This argument belongs to the exploratory study which is more suitable for the adoption of qualitative analysis. Based on in-depth interviews, participant observation and archival research, this paper follows the standard analytic steps of the Grounded Theory. First, it uses open codes to categorize and compare the collected data, and summarizes 12 factors influencing the local residents＇ perceptions of life based on the ＂Agreement and Relevance＂ standard of the Grounded Theory. Secondly, it uses axial codes to classify the 12 factors into 5 main factors. Thirdly, based on the above 5 factors and using selective codes to upgrade the concept into 4 factors： economic condition, living environment, social support, and demographic characteristic, it builds the first model to explain the native residents＇ perceptions of life. This model shows that economic difference is only one of the important factors affecting the local residents＇ perception of life. In fact, the residents＇ perceptions of life are influenced by the interaction of the 4 factors. Finally, discovering the Reference Group in the interviews and introducing the conception of relative satisfaction and relative deprivation, this paper proposes the second model to explain the native residents＇ perceptions of life. This model shows that differences in the 4 factors cannot solely determine the residents＇ perceptions. Who the local residents＇ choose to compare as Reference Groups, and which factor they care the most, are the determining factors that the local residents obtain the perceptions of relative satisfaction and relative deprivation. This paper aims to inspire more scholars to further study the marginalization of local community under tourism development. Scholars tend to describe, analyze and theorize the marginalization of local community either as a native resident or a bystander. This paper claims that introducing Reference Groups theory can better define the process of marginalization. It also argues that the government needs to develop more comprehensive community governance policies that consider factors such as economic condition, living environment, and social support. Meanwhile, the instructive and illustrative role of Reference Groups should be attached great importance, as they may be a way to solve the conflicts among stakeholders in countryside tourism.