河北法学
河北法學
하북법학
Hebei Law Science
2014年
7期
33~42
,共null页
特殊动产一物二卖 司法解释第10条 履行纠纷分析 违约责任 自主选择权
特殊動產一物二賣 司法解釋第10條 履行糾紛分析 違約責任 自主選擇權
특수동산일물이매 사법해석제10조 리행규분분석 위약책임 자주선택권
one special movable properties being sold to two creditors; the Article 10 of the Judicial Interpretation of Contract of Sales by Supreme People＇s Court; the performance analysis of dispute; liability for breach of contract; the right of choose
一物二卖有违诚信原则，《买卖合同司法解释》第10条否定了特殊动产出卖人的自主选择权，企图达到维护诚信原则的目的。然而，强行树立履行标准违背了意思自治原则，也无法真正实现维护诚信原则的目的。特殊动产一物二卖履行纠纷可分为选择性纠纷、处分他人之物纠纷和确权性纠纷，分别对应买受人均未交付之情形、只有一方买受人交付之情形以及两方买受人均为交付之情形。对于确权性纠纷，根据特殊动产物权变动规则，确认受领交付方所有权；针对处分他人之物纠纷，适用善意取得制度。而对于选择性纠纷，则应赋予出卖人自主选择权。出卖人一物二卖行为本质上为违约行为，应以违约责任规制之。
一物二賣有違誠信原則，《買賣閤同司法解釋》第10條否定瞭特殊動產齣賣人的自主選擇權，企圖達到維護誠信原則的目的。然而，彊行樹立履行標準違揹瞭意思自治原則，也無法真正實現維護誠信原則的目的。特殊動產一物二賣履行糾紛可分為選擇性糾紛、處分他人之物糾紛和確權性糾紛，分彆對應買受人均未交付之情形、隻有一方買受人交付之情形以及兩方買受人均為交付之情形。對于確權性糾紛，根據特殊動產物權變動規則，確認受領交付方所有權；針對處分他人之物糾紛，適用善意取得製度。而對于選擇性糾紛，則應賦予齣賣人自主選擇權。齣賣人一物二賣行為本質上為違約行為，應以違約責任規製之。
일물이매유위성신원칙，《매매합동사법해석》제10조부정료특수동산출매인적자주선택권，기도체도유호성신원칙적목적。연이，강행수립리행표준위배료의사자치원칙，야무법진정실현유호성신원칙적목적。특수동산일물이매리행규분가분위선택성규분、처분타인지물규분화학권성규분，분별대응매수인균미교부지정형、지유일방매수인교부지정형이급량방매수인균위교부지정형。대우학권성규분，근거특수동산물권변동규칙，학인수령교부방소유권；침대처분타인지물규분，괄용선의취득제도。이대우선택성규분，칙응부여출매인자주선택권。출매인일물이매행위본질상위위약행위，응이위약책임규제지。
The Judicial Interptetation of Contract of sales by Supreme People＇s Court make rule about the special movable properties being sold to two creditors, deny the choose right of sellers, in order to maintenance the principle of good faith. But the rules breach the Principle of autonomy of will, can＇t achieve its purposes. The ＂disputes can divided into the disputes of selection, the disputes of confirm right and the disputes of unauthorized dispose, corresponding to the situation of both buyer have not dilivery , only one buyer delivery and both parties have delivery. For the disputes of confirm right, according to the change rule of real right, we should confirm the right of people of delivery; for the disputes of unauthorized dispose ,we should apply to the bone fide acquisition. For the disputes of selection, we should give the seller the right of choose, in order to truly respect the principle of party autonomy and the law of market economy.
