中国体育科技
中國體育科技
중국체육과기
China Sport Science and Technology
2014年
4期
108~116
,共null页
张漓 路瑛丽 徐建方 冯连世
張巑 路瑛麗 徐建方 馮連世
장리 로영려 서건방 풍련세
低氧 耐力运动 内皮素1 一氧化氮 时序性变化 低氧习服 鼠 动物实验
低氧 耐力運動 內皮素1 一氧化氮 時序性變化 低氧習服 鼠 動物實驗
저양 내력운동 내피소1 일양화담 시서성변화 저양습복 서 동물실험
Hypoxia ; Endurance Training ; Endothelin- 1 ; Nitric Oxide ; Time Sequence ; Hypoxic Acclimatization ; rat ; animal experiment
目的:通过观察比较低氧耐力运动、单纯低氧暴露和常氧耐力运动4周内大鼠血清、肺组织和主动脉ET-1与NO生成的时序性变化规律,分析有机体对运动与低氧干预的初期应激特征。方法:将120只经过2周适应性训练的SD大鼠分为13组,分别给予中等强度的常氧耐力训练、低氧耐力训练和低氧安静暴露3种干预措施,测定了训练前、训练3、7、14、28天后恢复24h大鼠血清ET-1浓度、肺组织ET-1浓度和NOS(tNOS与iNOS)活性、腹主动脉ET-1和NOS(eNOS与iNOS)mRNA水平。结果:1)常氧运动与低氧运动3天均能够引起血清ET-1水平显著升高(40%~59%,P〈0.05),但第7天均回落到训练前水平。低氧安静过程中血清ET-1无显著升高。2)3种干预措施3天均引起肺组织ET-1浓度明显升高(14%~23%,P〈0.01),至第14~28天之间均回落至训练前水平。3)常氧运动与低氧运动4周内肺组织不同亚型NOS活性无明显变化,低氧安静第3~7天肺组织tNOS活性开始显著下降(第28天下降幅度为-44%,P〈0.01),第14~28天之间iNOS活性开始显著下降(第28天下降幅度为-52%,P〈0.01)。4)常氧运动第7~14天之间主动脉ET-1 mRNA水平显著升高(115%,P〈0.01),随后回落。低氧安静和低氧运动主动脉ET-1 mRNA水平则是在开始3天内先显著下降(降幅-80%~-67%,P〈0.01),随后逐渐升高,尤以低氧运动引起的升高幅度更为显著,第28天时达到训练前10倍以上(P〈0.01),且显著高于其他两种干预措施组(P〈0.01)。5)3种干预措施均使大鼠腹主动脉eNOS mRNA水平在3天之内显著升高,随后低氧安静至第3~7天之间以及常氧运动至第14~28天之间开始回落。然而,低氧运动则使腹主动脉eNOS mRNA水平在第14~28天突然大幅度升高,第28天时达到训练前10倍以上(P〈0.01),且显著高于其他两种干预措施组(P〈0.01)。结论:1)常氧耐力训练初期大鼠血管内皮和肺组织ET-1释放、主动脉ET-1基因表达以及同时期主动脉eNOS基因表达均一过性增加,使得ET-1与NO生成保持平衡。2)单纯低氧暴露初期大鼠肺组织ET-1浓度一过性增加,随后主动脉ET-1基因表达持续增加,同时期肺组织NOS活性持续下降,主动脉eNOS基因表达一过性增加,使得肺组织ET-1生成明显超过NO生成,可能是低氧暴露导致肺动脉压升高的机制。3)低氧环境下进行短期耐力训练后主动脉ET-1与eN06基因表达均持续增加,同时肺组织NOS活性保持不下降,使得ET-1与NO生成能力同步大幅度提高并保持平衡。表明低氧环境下进行耐力训练有助于加快低氧习服。
目的:通過觀察比較低氧耐力運動、單純低氧暴露和常氧耐力運動4週內大鼠血清、肺組織和主動脈ET-1與NO生成的時序性變化規律,分析有機體對運動與低氧榦預的初期應激特徵。方法:將120隻經過2週適應性訓練的SD大鼠分為13組,分彆給予中等彊度的常氧耐力訓練、低氧耐力訓練和低氧安靜暴露3種榦預措施,測定瞭訓練前、訓練3、7、14、28天後恢複24h大鼠血清ET-1濃度、肺組織ET-1濃度和NOS(tNOS與iNOS)活性、腹主動脈ET-1和NOS(eNOS與iNOS)mRNA水平。結果:1)常氧運動與低氧運動3天均能夠引起血清ET-1水平顯著升高(40%~59%,P〈0.05),但第7天均迴落到訓練前水平。低氧安靜過程中血清ET-1無顯著升高。2)3種榦預措施3天均引起肺組織ET-1濃度明顯升高(14%~23%,P〈0.01),至第14~28天之間均迴落至訓練前水平。3)常氧運動與低氧運動4週內肺組織不同亞型NOS活性無明顯變化,低氧安靜第3~7天肺組織tNOS活性開始顯著下降(第28天下降幅度為-44%,P〈0.01),第14~28天之間iNOS活性開始顯著下降(第28天下降幅度為-52%,P〈0.01)。4)常氧運動第7~14天之間主動脈ET-1 mRNA水平顯著升高(115%,P〈0.01),隨後迴落。低氧安靜和低氧運動主動脈ET-1 mRNA水平則是在開始3天內先顯著下降(降幅-80%~-67%,P〈0.01),隨後逐漸升高,尤以低氧運動引起的升高幅度更為顯著,第28天時達到訓練前10倍以上(P〈0.01),且顯著高于其他兩種榦預措施組(P〈0.01)。5)3種榦預措施均使大鼠腹主動脈eNOS mRNA水平在3天之內顯著升高,隨後低氧安靜至第3~7天之間以及常氧運動至第14~28天之間開始迴落。然而,低氧運動則使腹主動脈eNOS mRNA水平在第14~28天突然大幅度升高,第28天時達到訓練前10倍以上(P〈0.01),且顯著高于其他兩種榦預措施組(P〈0.01)。結論:1)常氧耐力訓練初期大鼠血管內皮和肺組織ET-1釋放、主動脈ET-1基因錶達以及同時期主動脈eNOS基因錶達均一過性增加,使得ET-1與NO生成保持平衡。2)單純低氧暴露初期大鼠肺組織ET-1濃度一過性增加,隨後主動脈ET-1基因錶達持續增加,同時期肺組織NOS活性持續下降,主動脈eNOS基因錶達一過性增加,使得肺組織ET-1生成明顯超過NO生成,可能是低氧暴露導緻肺動脈壓升高的機製。3)低氧環境下進行短期耐力訓練後主動脈ET-1與eN06基因錶達均持續增加,同時肺組織NOS活性保持不下降,使得ET-1與NO生成能力同步大幅度提高併保持平衡。錶明低氧環境下進行耐力訓練有助于加快低氧習服。
목적:통과관찰비교저양내력운동、단순저양폭로화상양내력운동4주내대서혈청、폐조직화주동맥ET-1여NO생성적시서성변화규률,분석유궤체대운동여저양간예적초기응격특정。방법:장120지경과2주괄응성훈련적SD대서분위13조,분별급여중등강도적상양내력훈련、저양내력훈련화저양안정폭로3충간예조시,측정료훈련전、훈련3、7、14、28천후회복24h대서혈청ET-1농도、폐조직ET-1농도화NOS(tNOS여iNOS)활성、복주동맥ET-1화NOS(eNOS여iNOS)mRNA수평。결과:1)상양운동여저양운동3천균능구인기혈청ET-1수평현저승고(40%~59%,P〈0.05),단제7천균회락도훈련전수평。저양안정과정중혈청ET-1무현저승고。2)3충간예조시3천균인기폐조직ET-1농도명현승고(14%~23%,P〈0.01),지제14~28천지간균회락지훈련전수평。3)상양운동여저양운동4주내폐조직불동아형NOS활성무명현변화,저양안정제3~7천폐조직tNOS활성개시현저하강(제28천하강폭도위-44%,P〈0.01),제14~28천지간iNOS활성개시현저하강(제28천하강폭도위-52%,P〈0.01)。4)상양운동제7~14천지간주동맥ET-1 mRNA수평현저승고(115%,P〈0.01),수후회락。저양안정화저양운동주동맥ET-1 mRNA수평칙시재개시3천내선현저하강(강폭-80%~-67%,P〈0.01),수후축점승고,우이저양운동인기적승고폭도경위현저,제28천시체도훈련전10배이상(P〈0.01),차현저고우기타량충간예조시조(P〈0.01)。5)3충간예조시균사대서복주동맥eNOS mRNA수평재3천지내현저승고,수후저양안정지제3~7천지간이급상양운동지제14~28천지간개시회락。연이,저양운동칙사복주동맥eNOS mRNA수평재제14~28천돌연대폭도승고,제28천시체도훈련전10배이상(P〈0.01),차현저고우기타량충간예조시조(P〈0.01)。결론:1)상양내력훈련초기대서혈관내피화폐조직ET-1석방、주동맥ET-1기인표체이급동시기주동맥eNOS기인표체균일과성증가,사득ET-1여NO생성보지평형。2)단순저양폭로초기대서폐조직ET-1농도일과성증가,수후주동맥ET-1기인표체지속증가,동시기폐조직NOS활성지속하강,주동맥eNOS기인표체일과성증가,사득폐조직ET-1생성명현초과NO생성,가능시저양폭로도치폐동맥압승고적궤제。3)저양배경하진행단기내력훈련후주동맥ET-1여eN06기인표체균지속증가,동시폐조직NOS활성보지불하강,사득ET-1여NO생성능력동보대폭도제고병보지평형。표명저양배경하진행내력훈련유조우가쾌저양습복。
Purpose: This study aimed to find the traits of stress reaction to hypoxia and moderate intensity endurance training by comparing the time sequence change in endothelin-1 and ni- tric oxide production in organism. Methods:After 2 weeks adaptive training, 120 SD rats were divided into 13 groups and underwent middle intensity normoxic endurance training, hypoxic endurance training and hypoxic sedentary exposure respectively. ET-1 concentration in blood serum and lung, tNOS and iNOS activity in lung, ET- 1, eNOS and iNOS mRNA level in abdominal aorta were measured pre-training, and after 3,7,14 and 28 days of training. Results: 1) Serum ET-1 concentration rise 40%-59% (P〈0.05) after 3 days of normoxic training and hypoxic training, but fell back to pre-training level during 3-7th days of training. Serum ET-1 concentration did not change much during hypoxia sedentary exposure. 2) All the 3 approaches raised ET-1 concentration in lung 14%-23% (P〈0. 01) during 1st-3rd day, which then fell back to pre-training level during 14-28th day. 3) NOS activity in lung didn' t change much during the 4 weeks normoxic and hypoxic training. However, after hypoxia sedentary exposure, tNOS activity decreased from 3rd-7th day and to -44% (P〈0.01) at the end of the 4th week, and iNOS activity decreased from 14th- 28th day and to -52 % (P〈 0. 01) at the end of the 4th week. 4) Abdominal aorta ET-1 mRNA level rise 115% (P〈 0. 01)during 7th- 14th day of normoxic training, then fell back. However, it decreased - 80%-67%(P〈0.01) during 1st-3rd day after hypoxic sedentary exposure and hypoxic training, then rise quickly and significantly. At the end of the 4th week, it reached a level more than 10 times of pre-training level (P〈0.01) and was much higher than the other 2 approaches(P〈0. 01). 5) All of the 3 approaches raised abdominal aorta eNOS mRNA (P〈0.05) within 1-3 days, then fell back after 3-7 days of hypoxic sedentary exposure and 14- 28 days of normoxic training. However, it kept on rising in hypoxic training groups. At the end of the 4th week,it reached a level more than 10 times of pre-training level(P〈0.01)and was much higher than the level of the other 2 approaches groups(P〈0.01). Conclusion: 1) During the initial stage of normoxic endurance training, the serum and lung ET- 1 concentration and abdominal aorta ET-1 gene expression increased for several days. At the same time abdominal aorta eNOS gene expression also increased. That kept the ET-1/NO production in balance. 2) During the initial stage of hypoxic sedentary exposure, the lung ET-1 concentration increased for several days. Then the abdominal aorta ET-1 gene expression increased continually. At the same time the abdominal aorta eNOS gene expression only increased for several days and the lung NOS activity decreased continually. That made the production of ET-1 higher than that of NO in lung and maybe is the reason for high pulmonary artery pressure in altitude stress. 3) During the initial stage of hypoxic endurance training, both the abdominal aorta ET-1 and eNOS gene expressions were increased continually, while at the same time NOS activity in lung didn't fell down. That made the production of ET-1 and NO both increased substantially while kept in balance. This indicates that hypoxic moderate intensity endurance training can faster the hypoxic acclimatization.