CAJ | 학술논문

20世纪70年代开始推行的计划生育政策，对我国控制人口、促进社会发展起到了一定的积极作用。但该政策增大了一些家庭的生活风险，因独生子女死亡而产生的失独老人数量正在不断增加。本研究对失独老人群体的生活状况进行了深入调查，发现大多数失独老人存在经济状况恶化、精神普遍抑郁、健康状况下降、人际交往敏感封闭等困境，在生活救助、养老保障、医疗保障以及精神慰藉等方面存在着强烈的需求。目前，国家的扶助政策较为滞后，存在扶助标准低、覆盖面窄、扶助形式单一等诸多问题。为了满足失独老人的基本生活需求，必须从经济支持、生活照料、精神慰藉等方面来设计和完善社会福利政策。
20세기70년대개시추행적계화생육정책，대아국공제인구、촉진사회발전기도료일정적적겁작용。단해정책증대료일사가정적생활풍험，인독생자녀사망이산생적실독노인수량정재불단증가。본연구대실독노인군체적생활상황진행료심입조사，발현대다수실독노인존재경제상황악화、정신보편억욱、건강상황하강、인제교왕민감봉폐등곤경，재생활구조、양로보장、의료보장이급정신위자등방면존재착강렬적수구。목전，국가적부조정책교위체후，존재부조표준저、복개면착、부조형식단일등제다문제。위료만족실독노인적기본생활수구，필수종경제지지、생활조료、정신위자등방면래설계화완선사회복리정책。
The implementation of family planning policy since the 1970s plays a certain positive role in the population control and social development to acertain degree, however, this policy increases the living risk of some families and the number of the elderly parents who lost their only child is increasing. This paper studies the living situation of the elderly parents who lost their only child based on the survey, finds that the majority of the elderly parents are in the predicament such as deteriorating economic conditions, general depression in mind, declining healthy conditions and closed interpersonal communication, as a result, there is ubiquitously urgent demand in the perspective of living aid, social security, medical care and spiritual comfort etc. Currently, Chinese Government’ s aiding policies relatively lag behind and have many problems such as low aiding standard, narrow supportive covering area, simple aiding forms and so on. In order to meet the basic living demand of the elderly parents, social welfare policies must be designed and perfected from the perspective of economic support, living care, spiritual conform and so on.