CAJ | 학술논문

当前私营企业主在中国政治生活中扮演了隐秘却愈具影响力的角色，现有研究从“没有资产阶级，就没有民主”的理论命题出发，探讨市场转型中中国是否出现了一个自主并与国家权力抗衡的社会阶层，由此，已有研究得出基本一致性的判断，由于私营企业主与国家之间共享政治价值和共享利益，中国出现的是一个依附于国家并与国家权力共谋的社会阶层。本文认为，现有研究立足于“私营企业主”在民主转型中角色的阶级想象，而过于关注私营企业主对于民主转型的影响，从而忽视了深入剖析和探讨私营企业主对于当代中国政策过程的影响。因此，深化当代中国私营企业主与国家关系及其政治影响的认识，需要从“民主转型”转向“政策影响”的主题。
당전사영기업주재중국정치생활중분연료은비각유구영향력적각색，현유연구종“몰유자산계급，취몰유민주”적이론명제출발，탐토시장전형중중국시부출현료일개자주병여국가권력항형적사회계층，유차，이유연구득출기본일치성적판단，유우사영기업주여국가지간공향정치개치화공향이익，중국출현적시일개의부우국가병여국가권력공모적사회계층。본문인위，현유연구립족우“사영기업주”재민주전형중각색적계급상상，이과우관주사영기업주대우민주전형적영향，종이홀시료심입부석화탐토사영기업주대우당대중국정책과정적영향。인차，심화당대중국사영기업주여국가관계급기정치영향적인식，수요종“민주전형”전향“정책영향”적주제。
Private entrepreneurs play an invisible but more and more influential role in Chinese political life. Therefore, more studies on government-business relations become necessary for better understanding of the political development in contemporary China. With the theoretical presumption of ＂no bourgeoisie, no democracy＂, existing researches explore whether there is an autonomous and opposite capitalist class in the process of market transition, and most of them conclude that the capitalist class in China is quite dependent on and colludes with the state because of their shared political values and interests as well as the political cooptation and corporatism of the Party-state. Some other studies reflect on these viewpoints and contend that it＇ s improper to consider the private entrepreneurs as a homogeneous social class with common interests and identity. The theoretical presumption of ＂ no bourgeois, no democracy＂ is also questioned and modified. Based on these studies, the paper argues that the existing studies have had too much presumptions with the private entrepreneurs＇ role in democratization process, either for it or against it, while neglecting the actual influences of the private entrepreneurs on policy making and implementation, individually or collectively. This, however, signifies great political change in contemporary China. Therefore, this paper suggests it is necessary to reflect on the existing theoretical presumption that in order to deepen our understanding of the relationship between Chinese government and private entrepreneurs. Furthermore, a possible turn in the studies on private entrepreneurs in China is from democratization approach to policy influence approach, as well as the change of focus from ＂autonomy＂ to ＂influence＂.