CAJ | 학술논문

集体林权改革是继土地家庭联产承包制以来的又一个重大改革。承载着“林韭发展、林区和谐、生态良好、资源增长”多重任务。山西农村集体林业大多数是保持生态平衡的公益林，生态效益高于经济效益，如何困地制宜创新改革思路至关重要。国家林改政策和学术界的研究大都基于我国南方地区的实情，很少关注北方，尤其是资源型地区。资源型地区生态环境的脆弱性要求其改革应有独特思路。基于山西地域特征的实地考察，认为山西省在生态环境因煤矿开采遭受严重破坏的背景下，其集体林权改革不能盲目照搬南方“确权到户”的林改方法。资源型地区应充分考虑当地的自然环境和人文生态，优先注重林业的生态效应，确保其林改的经济效益、社会效益和生态效益的平衡统一。应在充分调查民意和尊重农民合理意愿的基础上，激发农民植树造林的积极性和主动性，提高农民护林防火的责任和能力,为建设美丽中国奠定生态基础。
집체림권개혁시계토지가정련산승포제이래적우일개중대개혁。승재착“림구발전、림구화해、생태량호、자원증장”다중임무。산서농촌집체임업대다수시보지생태평형적공익림，생태효익고우경제효익，여하곤지제의창신개혁사로지관중요。국가림개정책화학술계적연구대도기우아국남방지구적실정，흔소관주북방，우기시자원형지구。자원형지구생태배경적취약성요구기개혁응유독특사로。기우산서지역특정적실지고찰，인위산서성재생태배경인매광개채조수엄중파배적배경하，기집체림권개혁불능맹목조반남방“학권도호”적림개방법。자원형지구응충분고필당지적자연배경화인문생태，우선주중임업적생태효응，학보기림개적경제효익、사회효익화생태효익적평형통일。응재충분조사민의화존중농민합리의원적기출상，격발농민식수조림적적겁성화주동성，제고농민호림방화적책임화능력,위건설미려중국전정생태기출。
The reform of collective forest rights is another significant reform which follows the footsteps of the household land reform and family-based contracted responsibility system. It is crucial to figure out how to make measures suitable to local conditions and innovate train of thought. The policies of the national forest reform and researches in academic circles are mostly based on the situation in South areas and pays little attention to the North areas, especially to the resource-based regions. The unique ideas in the reform are required by the vulnerability of the ecological environment in resouree-based regions. Based on regional features of the fieldwork in Shanxi, the paper reveals that we can＇ t blindly copy the method of ＇ ensure the property to the household＇ from the South areas in the reform of collective forest rights under the background that the ecological environment in Shanxi Province has been severely damaged due to coal mining. The officials from resource-based regions should take full account of local natural environment and human ecology, give priority of ecological effects of forest and ensure the balance of effects of the forest rights reform on economic, social and environment benefits. What＇ s more, they should try the best to lay an ecological foundation for the construction of beautiful China by stimulating the farmers＇ enthusiasm and motivation for forest planting and improving the farmers＇ responsibility and ability for forest protection and fire prevention based on full opinion polls and full respect for the reasonable will of peasants.