江汉考古
江漢攷古
강한고고
Jianghan Archaeology
2014年
2期
50~56
,共null页
西周金文 南公 南宫 叶家山 曾国 姬姓
西週金文 南公 南宮 葉傢山 曾國 姬姓
서주금문 남공 남궁 협가산 증국 희성
bronze inscriptions of Western Zhou; the Southern Duke; the Southern Palace; theYejiashan site; the Zeng State; surname Ji
“南公”见于大盂鼎、南公有司鼎和南宫乎钟等铜器铭文，学界一般认为“南公”之“南”应是“南宫”的省称。根据《左传》及《白虎通》引《诗传》而知，南公有可能就是周武王十兄弟中最小的聃季载，“聃”与“南”为通假字。称南公应是原居于周宫中的南宫，又封于南土的采邑而得名。叶家山M111中再次出土了一件“犹乍剌（烈）考南公宝尊彝”的铜簋。“南公”铭文在南土的再次发现，对探讨其族属提供了非常重要的文字依据。从铭文可知，“南公”为曾侯犹的父辈。结合大盂鼎铭文并综合年代分析，曾侯犹与盂可能为叔侄关系。如此则叶家山所发现的西周早期曾国应为姬姓。
“南公”見于大盂鼎、南公有司鼎和南宮乎鐘等銅器銘文，學界一般認為“南公”之“南”應是“南宮”的省稱。根據《左傳》及《白虎通》引《詩傳》而知，南公有可能就是週武王十兄弟中最小的聃季載，“聃”與“南”為通假字。稱南公應是原居于週宮中的南宮，又封于南土的採邑而得名。葉傢山M111中再次齣土瞭一件“猶乍剌（烈）攷南公寶尊彝”的銅簋。“南公”銘文在南土的再次髮現，對探討其族屬提供瞭非常重要的文字依據。從銘文可知，“南公”為曾侯猶的父輩。結閤大盂鼎銘文併綜閤年代分析，曾侯猶與盂可能為叔姪關繫。如此則葉傢山所髮現的西週早期曾國應為姬姓。
“남공”견우대우정、남공유사정화남궁호종등동기명문，학계일반인위“남공”지“남”응시“남궁”적성칭。근거《좌전》급《백호통》인《시전》이지，남공유가능취시주무왕십형제중최소적담계재，“담”여“남”위통가자。칭남공응시원거우주궁중적남궁，우봉우남토적채읍이득명。협가산M111중재차출토료일건“유사랄（렬）고남공보존이”적동궤。“남공”명문재남토적재차발현，대탐토기족속제공료비상중요적문자의거。종명문가지，“남공”위증후유적부배。결합대우정명문병종합년대분석，증후유여우가능위숙질관계。여차칙협가산소발현적서주조기증국응위희성。
The bronze inscription Nan 南 of Nan Gong （the Southern Duke）南公, recorded in the Da Yu＇s Ding-tripod大孟鼎, the Nan Gong You Si＇s Ding-tripod 南公有司鼎, and the Nan Gong Hu＇s Bell 南宫乎钟, actually refers to Nan Gong 南宫（the Southern Palace）. The Southern Duke＇s name may have been Dan Ji Zai 聃季载, the youngest brother of King Wu of Zhou, since Dan 聃 and Nan 南 are two interchangeable characters. The title Southern Duke may originate from the Southern Palace where the duke lived, and the Southern Territory where the duke＇s fief was located. The inscription 犺乍刺（烈）考南公宝尊彝 recorded on a bronze Gui-vessel, excavated from Tomb M111 of the Yejiashan Cem etery, offers significant opportunity for analyzing the tomb＇s owner＇s clan. From studying the inscriptions, tomb size, and burial goods, the tomb belonged to Marquis Kang of Zeng, son of the Southern Duke. By combining the inscriptions of the Da Yu＇s Ding-tripod 大孟鼎 and this study further concluded that Marquis Kang was one of the uncles of Yu, the owner of the Da Yu＇s Ding-tripod, thus they belong to the same clan with the surname Ji 姬.
