CAJ | 학술논문

一些学者在研究通常被称之为“儒学”的中国传统经学时，将“现代化叙事”应用于前现代中国，用当下的标准来衡量儒家。如当下发生变化，标准亦随之改变。在稍早以前的“当下”，以工业革命时代欧洲标准衡量下的中国显得贫穷、落后，人们将这种落后局面不公正地归咎于儒学。今日中国之“当下”已然不同于昨日，儒学亦不再被当作通往现代之路的障碍，转而被视为其促因。可见这种价值判断的变化取决于用何种“当下”来衡量哪段“过去”。在20世纪50年代，学者们孜孜以求社会主义在俄国成功的原因，而今21世纪，则大多书写其消亡。我们在对最近东欧选举的观察中已然发现，之前为社会主义盖棺定论是操之过急了，这同本世纪早先在亚洲宣布儒学已死的情形如出一辙。可以说，1900年前后的“世界史”，通常书就于这种“现代主义”叙事。
일사학자재연구통상피칭지위“유학”적중국전통경학시，장“현대화서사”응용우전현대중국，용당하적표준래형량유가。여당하발생변화，표준역수지개변。재초조이전적“당하”，이공업혁명시대구주표준형량하적중국현득빈궁、락후，인문장저충락후국면불공정지귀구우유학。금일중국지“당하”이연불동우작일，유학역불재피당작통왕현대지로적장애，전이피시위기촉인。가견저충개치판단적변화취결우용하충“당하”래형량나단“과거”。재20세기50년대，학자문자자이구사회주의재아국성공적원인，이금21세기，칙대다서사기소망。아문재대최근동구선거적관찰중이연발현，지전위사회주의개관정론시조지과급료，저동본세기조선재아주선포유학이사적정형여출일철。가이설，1900년전후적“세계사”，통상서취우저충“현대주의”서사。
Whether in cultural history or in the social sciences, scholars of Chinese classical learning, ＂Confucianism,＂ apply the ＂modernization narrative＂ to pre-modern China. They measure Confucianism the yardstick of the present. As the present changes, that yardstick also changes. In an earlier ＂present,＂ was visibly backward and weak by the standards of the industrial revolution in Europe, Confucianism, often called according to when China particularly Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism, was singled out and uncritically blamed for that backwardness. Now that China＇s ＂present＂ differs from its earlier ＂present,＂ so also the valuation of Confucianism has moved from obstacle to facilitator on the path to modernity. It depends on what ＂present＂ is used to measure which ＂past. ＂ In the 1950s, scholars sought the reasons for the success of socialism in Russia and China; now in the twenty-first century most write about its demise. We already find in recent Eastern European elections that socialism＇s obituary was premature, just as was the obituary for Confucianism in Asia earlier this century. What passes for ＂world history＂ before and after 1900, for instance, is usually written according to this ＂modernist＂ narrative.