远程教育杂志
遠程教育雜誌
원정교육잡지
Distance Education Journal
2014年
4期
106~112
,共null页
MOOCs SPOCs 在线学习 网络学习
MOOCs SPOCs 在線學習 網絡學習
MOOCs SPOCs 재선학습 망락학습
MOOCs; SPOCs ;Online learning ; Web learning
MOOCs掀起了一场世界范围的教育技术海啸。然而，MOOCs也给教育界带来至少三个方面的压力，即阻碍提高个性化教学质量目标的实现、阻碍技术本身内在教育价值的实现、影响大学教育的本质功能等．SPOCs是小型的、私人的、在线的课程，可以说在一定程度上改善和重塑MOOCs效果，并受到了哈佛大学等众多知名大学的大力支持。对MOOCs与SPOCs从课程规模、课程开放程度、课程收费、机构盈利、商业模式、课程要素、学分认证、证书获取等方面进行比较，可以发现SPOCs在提高个性化质量、提供优质和可持续的课程、实现技术内在教育价值、提供完整在线课程等方面具有优势。MOOCs与SPOCs发展也面临共同的问题与质疑，比如，传统课堂中诸如小组讨论和教师面对面交流等种种因素会导致MOOCs的失败：MOOCs转移了教师提高学校教育质量的注意力；M00Cs将会减少教师的数目和教学方法的多样性等。
MOOCs掀起瞭一場世界範圍的教育技術海嘯。然而，MOOCs也給教育界帶來至少三箇方麵的壓力，即阻礙提高箇性化教學質量目標的實現、阻礙技術本身內在教育價值的實現、影響大學教育的本質功能等．SPOCs是小型的、私人的、在線的課程，可以說在一定程度上改善和重塑MOOCs效果，併受到瞭哈彿大學等衆多知名大學的大力支持。對MOOCs與SPOCs從課程規模、課程開放程度、課程收費、機構盈利、商業模式、課程要素、學分認證、證書穫取等方麵進行比較，可以髮現SPOCs在提高箇性化質量、提供優質和可持續的課程、實現技術內在教育價值、提供完整在線課程等方麵具有優勢。MOOCs與SPOCs髮展也麵臨共同的問題與質疑，比如，傳統課堂中諸如小組討論和教師麵對麵交流等種種因素會導緻MOOCs的失敗：MOOCs轉移瞭教師提高學校教育質量的註意力；M00Cs將會減少教師的數目和教學方法的多樣性等。
MOOCs흔기료일장세계범위적교육기술해소。연이，MOOCs야급교육계대래지소삼개방면적압력，즉조애제고개성화교학질량목표적실현、조애기술본신내재교육개치적실현、영향대학교육적본질공능등．SPOCs시소형적、사인적、재선적과정，가이설재일정정도상개선화중소MOOCs효과，병수도료합불대학등음다지명대학적대력지지。대MOOCs여SPOCs종과정규모、과정개방정도、과정수비、궤구영리、상업모식、과정요소、학분인증、증서획취등방면진행비교，가이발현SPOCs재제고개성화질량、제공우질화가지속적과정、실현기술내재교육개치、제공완정재선과정등방면구유우세。MOOCs여SPOCs발전야면림공동적문제여질의，비여，전통과당중제여소조토론화교사면대면교류등충충인소회도치MOOCs적실패：MOOCs전이료교사제고학교교육질량적주의력；M00Cs장회감소교사적수목화교학방법적다양성등。
MOOCs have led an ＂education technology tsunami＂ in the worldwide. However, MOOCs have brought the pressure in three aspects at least, including the obstacles to achieve the goal of improving the quality of the personalized teaching, the realization of education value inherent in the technology, the affect of the quality of the university education, and etc. SPOCs are the counter of the MOOCs, which are small and private. To some extent, they can improve and restore the effects of MOOCs, which are strongly supported by the Harvard University. After the comparison of MOOCs and SPOCs in the aspects of scale, openness, fees, profits, business models, curriculum elements, credit transfer, certificate, SPOCs can improve the quality of personalized teaching, provide the high quality and sustainable courses, realize the education value inherent in the technology and provide the complete online course, etc. MOOCs and SPOCs are also facing the common problems and questions in the process of their developments. The problems are as follows：（1） The school will fire teachers and teaching assistants because of MOOCs and SPOCs at the expense of the quality of education;（2） In the traditional classroom, factors such as group discussion and face to face communication with teachers will lead to the failure of the MOOCs; （3） MOOCs will distract the teachers＇ attention from improving the quality of school education; （4） MOOCs will reduce the number of the teachers and the diversity of teaching methods, etc.
