CAJ | 학술논문

为了从当事人的视角理解领悟，采用协商一致的质化研究方法对15位当事人的访谈结果进行分析。结果发现7个与领悟有关的域：领悟的内容，领悟的效果，影响领悟产生的因素，评估领悟质量的依据，领悟出现时的反应，领悟的来源和阻碍领悟发挥作用的因素。形成了领悟的概念界定：领悟是对自己和他人（主要是自己）的新认识，对自己的认识内容包括，自己的问题模式，心理困扰或问题模式的原因、影响和解决办法，以及自己内在的心理状态。
위료종당사인적시각리해령오，채용협상일치적질화연구방법대15위당사인적방담결과진행분석。결과발현7개여령오유관적역：령오적내용，령오적효과，영향령오산생적인소，평고령오질량적의거，령오출현시적반응，령오적래원화조애령오발휘작용적인소。형성료령오적개념계정：령오시대자기화타인（주요시자기）적신인식，대자기적인식내용포괄，자기적문제모식，심리곤우혹문제모식적원인、영향화해결판법，이급자기내재적심리상태。
Insight is a crucial phenomenon in counseling with its importance been confirmed by counseling theory and empirical studies. However, there is a lack of specific studies on this topic, and most researchers focused on psychodynamic area whereas little attention has been laid on pantheoretical counseling. There is no unified definition of insight available at the moment. Psychodynamic therapy regards insight as the formation of connections, e.g. between past and present, inner conflict and external performance, attachment relationships＆amp;nbsp;and transference. Experiential therapy equates insight to awareness and meta-awareness. Cognitive-behavioral therapy views insight as a cognitive restructuring or change of schema;insight occurs when previous irrational beliefs or schemas are recognized and replaced by new, rational beliefs or schemas. Meanwhile, different researchers also gave different operational definitions in cross-theory empirical research. As a result, the lack of a unified definition of insight, in either theoretical or empirical research, has made it impossible to integrate different results and prevented the development of a specialized and reliable measurement of insight. In addition, nearly all definitions were proposed by researchers or clinicians. Whether or not clients have a different perspective is unknown. Moreover, all the definitions currently in use were developed by western researchers focusing on western psychotherapy. Would Chinese psychotherapy present a different perspective？ This study sought to delineate insight from Chinese clients’ perspective via a qualitative approach. Fourteen clients counseled in a university counseling center and a client counseled in a social counseling institution participated in the study. They were interviewed with a semi-structured protocol, either face-to-face, by phone, or through internet, about their opinions and experiences of insight during counseling. Their responses were analyzed by a research team using Consensual Qualitative Research （CQR） method. Analysis revealed seven key issues： contents of insight, effects of insight, factors influencing the appearance of insight, basis for evaluating insight quality, feelings when insight appears, source of insight, and factors that hinder insight from having an effect. Based on interviewees’ responses, a definition of “insight”from the client perspective is proposed：“insight is a new understanding of oneself and others （mainly oneself）, the contents of which include problematic patterns, their reasons, their effects, solutions for psychological distress or problematic patterns, and awareness of one’s internal mental state.” Results suggested that most contents of insight from client and counselor’s perspectives are in concordance. However, the description level is different and some contents which haven’t been thought as insight before was confirmed by clients. It reminds counselors that they could change their angle of view in order to understand insight from client’s point. The current study also provides the foundation of future study’s development of scale for insight.