厦门大学学报：哲学社会科学版
廈門大學學報：哲學社會科學版
하문대학학보：철학사회과학판
Journal of Xiamen University(A Quarterly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)
2014年
4期
24~33
,共null页
服务业 产业关联 投入产出分析 服务需求
服務業 產業關聯 投入產齣分析 服務需求
복무업 산업관련 투입산출분석 복무수구
service industry;industrial linkages;input-output analysis;demand for services
近年来我国经济保持持续快速增长，而服务业却没有像预期中那样实现同步增长，这与三次产业结构发展的一般规律相背离。基于2007年中国和美国的投入产出数据，利用投入产出模型对中美服务业的最终需求结构、制造业的服务需求程度和结构以及服务业的自身需求程度和结构三个层面进行比较分析，实证考察表明，我国服务业发展相对滞后的需求方面的成因在于：其一，国内最终需求尤其是私人服务消费需求明显不足很可能是制约我国服务业发展的基本因索之一，此外，我国服务出口需求结构过于单一，内外发展不平衡；其二，虽然我国服务业的中间需求主要来源于制造业，但是我国制造业的服务化程度以及对服务的需求结构却明显低于美国，制造业与服务业并没有实现良性互动；其三，我国服务业各部门内部自身需求不足，服务业的自我加强效应没有得到充分的发挥。
近年來我國經濟保持持續快速增長，而服務業卻沒有像預期中那樣實現同步增長，這與三次產業結構髮展的一般規律相揹離。基于2007年中國和美國的投入產齣數據，利用投入產齣模型對中美服務業的最終需求結構、製造業的服務需求程度和結構以及服務業的自身需求程度和結構三箇層麵進行比較分析，實證攷察錶明，我國服務業髮展相對滯後的需求方麵的成因在于：其一，國內最終需求尤其是私人服務消費需求明顯不足很可能是製約我國服務業髮展的基本因索之一，此外，我國服務齣口需求結構過于單一，內外髮展不平衡；其二，雖然我國服務業的中間需求主要來源于製造業，但是我國製造業的服務化程度以及對服務的需求結構卻明顯低于美國，製造業與服務業併沒有實現良性互動；其三，我國服務業各部門內部自身需求不足，服務業的自我加彊效應沒有得到充分的髮揮。
근년래아국경제보지지속쾌속증장，이복무업각몰유상예기중나양실현동보증장，저여삼차산업결구발전적일반규률상배리。기우2007년중국화미국적투입산출수거，이용투입산출모형대중미복무업적최종수구결구、제조업적복무수구정도화결구이급복무업적자신수구정도화결구삼개층면진행비교분석，실증고찰표명，아국복무업발전상대체후적수구방면적성인재우：기일，국내최종수구우기시사인복무소비수구명현불족흔가능시제약아국복무업발전적기본인색지일，차외，아국복무출구수구결구과우단일，내외발전불평형；기이，수연아국복무업적중간수구주요래원우제조업，단시아국제조업적복무화정도이급대복무적수구결구각명현저우미국，제조업여복무업병몰유실현량성호동；기삼，아국복무업각부문내부자신수구불족，복무업적자아가강효응몰유득도충분적발휘。
In recent years, China＇s economy has maintained steady growth, but its service industry has, contrary to expectations, not grown as fast as the general national economy. This is deemed as abnormal in terms of the general law of the third development of industrial structures. On the basis of the I-O tables of China and America in 2007, this study uses the I-O model to analyze three aspects of the service industry in China and America, i.e. , ultimate demand structure, the level and structure of demands for service in the manufacturing sector, and the level and structure of demands within the service industry per se. Our empirical study finds that the following reasons in terms of demands are responsible for the slow growth of China＇s service industry： （ 1 ） China＇s ultimate demand, especially that of individuals, are significantly inadequate ; there is no variety or diversity in China＇s exports of services and there is an imbalance between internal and external developments of the service industry; （2） while demands for services in the middle layer in China mainly come from the manufacturing sector, the capacity of service in the manufacturing sector and the structure of demand for service in China are significantly lower than those in America; therefore there has not been a benevolent interaction between the manufacturing industry and the service industry; and （3） there is a lack of internal demand between the different sectors within the service industry in China and the effect of self-reinforcement in China＇s service industry has not been brought out into full play.
