CAJ | 학술논문

中国的城镇化发展存在着人口城镇化明显滞后于空间城镇化的问题，这与现行的财政金融政策相关。基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法，可测算2005—2011年中国31个省份的财政金融政策支持城镇化效率指数，研究发现，从整体发展趋势来看，大部分年份财政金融政策效率呈下滑态势，财政金融政策并没有很好地支持城镇化建设，这突出表现为财政金融政策偏向于空间城镇化而忽视人口城镇化。这主要是受现行地方官员考核机制制约，地方政府在“政治锦标赛”中，倾向于积极推动空间城镇化，消极应对人口城镇化。所以，应建立正确的地方政府考核导向和考核指标体系，引导地方政府行为；合理划分中央与地方政府财政权利，增强地方政府财政的可持续能力；建立合理的金融资源供给模式，通过金融扶持推进农村居民进入城市创业和就业。
중국적성진화발전존재착인구성진화명현체후우공간성진화적문제，저여현행적재정금융정책상관。기우DEA적Malmquist지수방법，가측산2005—2011년중국31개성빈적재정금융정책지지성진화효솔지수，연구발현，종정체발전추세래간，대부분년빈재정금융정책효솔정하활태세，재정금융정책병몰유흔호지지지성진화건설，저돌출표현위재정금융정책편향우공간성진화이홀시인구성진화。저주요시수현행지방관원고핵궤제제약，지방정부재“정치금표새”중，경향우적겁추동공간성진화，소겁응대인구성진화。소이，응건립정학적지방정부고핵도향화고핵지표체계，인도지방정부행위；합리화분중앙여지방정부재정권리，증강지방정부재정적가지속능력；건립합리적금융자원공급모식，통과금융부지추진농촌거민진입성시창업화취업。
Urbanization in China is observed as distorted, which means that the population urbanization lags obviously behind the space urbanization. Employing nonparametric DAE method, this paper firstly estimates the fiscal and finance policy＇ s efficiency of improving urbanization. The empirical results based on provincial panel data from 2005 to 2011 show that most of China＇ s local government＇ s fiscal and finance policy efficiency is on decline. Constrained by the current mechanism of local official evaluation system, the fiscal and finance policy are taking a positive attitude towards the space urbanization,but negative one to the population urbanization. In order to promote urbanization,the local government should establish reasonable assessment index system to guide the local government behavior, and divide financial power between central and local government correctly. In addition, the local government should promote rural residents to move urban by establishing reasonable financial resources supply model.