CAJ | 학술논문

音乐对幼儿身心发展起重要的促进作用。利用实验法探讨莫扎特“D大调双钢琴奏鸣曲”（K．448）对幼儿时空推理能力的影响，并试图探究“莫扎特效应”产生的机制。采用相同唤醒度和情绪效价但不同结构化和周期性的三首音乐为刺激，共342名大班幼儿参与实验。结果显示：高度结构化、长时程周期性的莫扎特音乐K．448显著提高了女童时空推理能力，而在男童未发现此效应；而不具备高度结构化与周期性的科普兰“猫和老鼠”类似无声静息，对幼儿时空推理能力无显著影响。综上，产生“莫扎特效应”，音乐需具备长时程周期性和高度结构化特点，支持“直接启动说”理论。
음악대유인신심발전기중요적촉진작용。이용실험법탐토막찰특“D대조쌍강금주명곡”（K．448）대유인시공추리능력적영향，병시도탐구“막찰특효응”산생적궤제。채용상동환성도화정서효개단불동결구화화주기성적삼수음악위자격，공342명대반유인삼여실험。결과현시：고도결구화、장시정주기성적막찰특음악K．448현저제고료녀동시공추리능력，이재남동미발현차효응；이불구비고도결구화여주기성적과보란“묘화로서”유사무성정식，대유인시공추리능력무현저영향。종상，산생“막찰특효응”，음악수구비장시정주기성화고도결구화특점，지지“직접계동설”이론。
Music has an important promoting effect on children＇s physical and mental development. This research used experimental method to study influence of Mozart music on preschoolers＇ spatio-temporal reasoning ability and tried to explore the mechanism of ＂Mozart effect＂. 342 5-6-year-old children participated in this study. This study used four types of music conditions ： Mozart＇ s Sonata for Two Pianos in D Major （ K. 448） , Bach＇ s Toccata in G major, Aaron Copland＇ s The Cat and the Mouse and a silent control condition. The three types of music have the same kind of arousal and mood. Mozart music is highly structured and has long-lasting periodicity. Bachg music is highly structured and has short-lasting periodicity. The Cat and the Mouse is unstructured and has no periodicity. The results showed that Mozart music significantly improved girls＇ ability of spatio-temporal reasoning for a moment, while this effect was not found in boys. The Cat and the Mouse and the silence were similar, and both had no significant effect on the preschoolers＇ ability of spatio-temporal reasoning. In summary, the generation of ＂ Mozart Effect＂ is based on the characteristics of Mozart music, which is highly structured and has long-lasting periodicity. The research provided experimental evidence for the ＂direct triggering theory＂.