心理发展与教育
心理髮展與教育
심리발전여교육
Psychological Development and Education
2014年
4期
371~379
,共null页
张光珍 梁宗保 邓慧华 陆祖宏
張光珍 樑宗保 鄧慧華 陸祖宏
장광진 량종보 산혜화 륙조굉
青少年 学校氛围 学校适应 追踪研究
青少年 學校氛圍 學校適應 追蹤研究
청소년 학교분위 학교괄응 추종연구
Adolescents ; School Climate ; School Adjustment ; Longitudinal Study
通过对709名青少年进行追踪研究,分别以青少年自我报告与教师评价的方式测查了学校氛围与学校适应,主要探讨学校氛围与青少年学校适应的长期预测关系,以及性别在二者间的调节效应。结果表明:(1)青少年第一年感知到的学校氛围能预测其第二年、第三年的适应问题和适应能力,第二年感知到的学校氛围能预测其第三年的适应能力和学业成绩;(2)青少年感知到的自主机会对其学校适应有负面作用;(3)教师支持和同学支持对青少年学校适应具有积极作用,但同学支持的作用会随着在校时间的增加而发生逆转,即第一年的同学支持负向预测第二年的学习问题和第三年的学业成绩,正向预测第三年的适应能力,而第二年的同学支持则对第三年的适应能力和学业成绩均有负向预测作用;(4)女生的学校适应普遍好于男生,性别对学校氛围与青少年学校适应之间的关系具有部分调节作用。
通過對709名青少年進行追蹤研究,分彆以青少年自我報告與教師評價的方式測查瞭學校氛圍與學校適應,主要探討學校氛圍與青少年學校適應的長期預測關繫,以及性彆在二者間的調節效應。結果錶明:(1)青少年第一年感知到的學校氛圍能預測其第二年、第三年的適應問題和適應能力,第二年感知到的學校氛圍能預測其第三年的適應能力和學業成績;(2)青少年感知到的自主機會對其學校適應有負麵作用;(3)教師支持和同學支持對青少年學校適應具有積極作用,但同學支持的作用會隨著在校時間的增加而髮生逆轉,即第一年的同學支持負嚮預測第二年的學習問題和第三年的學業成績,正嚮預測第三年的適應能力,而第二年的同學支持則對第三年的適應能力和學業成績均有負嚮預測作用;(4)女生的學校適應普遍好于男生,性彆對學校氛圍與青少年學校適應之間的關繫具有部分調節作用。
통과대709명청소년진행추종연구,분별이청소년자아보고여교사평개적방식측사료학교분위여학교괄응,주요탐토학교분위여청소년학교괄응적장기예측관계,이급성별재이자간적조절효응。결과표명:(1)청소년제일년감지도적학교분위능예측기제이년、제삼년적괄응문제화괄응능력,제이년감지도적학교분위능예측기제삼년적괄응능력화학업성적;(2)청소년감지도적자주궤회대기학교괄응유부면작용;(3)교사지지화동학지지대청소년학교괄응구유적겁작용,단동학지지적작용회수착재교시간적증가이발생역전,즉제일년적동학지지부향예측제이년적학습문제화제삼년적학업성적,정향예측제삼년적괄응능력,이제이년적동학지지칙대제삼년적괄응능력화학업성적균유부향예측작용;(4)녀생적학교괄응보편호우남생,성별대학교분위여청소년학교괄응지간적관계구유부분조절작용。
The present longitudinal study examined long-time effect of school climate on adolescents' school adjustment and the moderate effect of gender on the relations between school climate and school adjustment. Seven hundred and nine early adolescents (355 females) and their head teachers, recruited from Nanjing city in mainland China, participated in the three-wave survey. Adolescents reported school climate which they perceived on the perceived school climate scale, and head teachers rated adolescents'school adjustment on the teacher-child rating scale. Adolescents'academic performance was collected from school records every year. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that (a) the longitudinal associations between school climate and aspects of adolescents'school adjustment changed with age. Specifically, school climate at the first year significantly predicted adjustment problem and adjustment competence at the second and the third year, however, school climate at the second year predicted adjustment competence and academic performance at third year. (b) In Chinese school, opportunities for student autonomy were negatively associated with school adjustment. (c) Support from teachers and students were positively associated with school adjustment in the first year, however, support from students in the second year negatively predicted adolescents'school adjustment in the third year. (d) During early adolescence period, girls were rated to display better adjustment competence and fewer adjustment problems than boys. Gender moderated the relation between school climate and school adjustment to some extent.