地域研究与开发
地域研究與開髮
지역연구여개발
Areal Research and Development
2014年
4期
76~81
,共null页
极化效应 扩散效应 交通成本 可达性 拐点 京津冀城镇群
極化效應 擴散效應 交通成本 可達性 枴點 京津冀城鎮群
겁화효응 확산효응 교통성본 가체성 괴점 경진기성진군
polarization effect ; diffusion effect ; transportation cost ; accessibility ; turning point ; Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration
北京“灯下黑”现象一直是困扰政府的一个难题。通过回顾区域发展理论和新经济地理学等相关理论，归纳出两条反映区域空间结构演化的倒“u”型曲线，并从交通成本的角度对京津冀城镇群极化一扩散效应进行计量分析。结果表明，在京津冀城镇群内部，城镇距离北京越近，就业规模越小。2001--2010年间，京津冀城镇群就业规模极化程度提高了42％，就业人口分布更加不均衡。一个城镇交通可达性的改善对于该城镇的发展有着促进作用。北京对周边地区的影响仍是极化效应大于扩散效应，而且，扩散效应的经济影响还仅仅局限于隶属于北京的城镇，其他的城镇还未从中获益。根据两条倒“u”型曲线初步判断，北京与周边的中心一外围结构正在接近“拐点”。
北京“燈下黑”現象一直是睏擾政府的一箇難題。通過迴顧區域髮展理論和新經濟地理學等相關理論，歸納齣兩條反映區域空間結構縯化的倒“u”型麯線，併從交通成本的角度對京津冀城鎮群極化一擴散效應進行計量分析。結果錶明，在京津冀城鎮群內部，城鎮距離北京越近，就業規模越小。2001--2010年間，京津冀城鎮群就業規模極化程度提高瞭42％，就業人口分佈更加不均衡。一箇城鎮交通可達性的改善對于該城鎮的髮展有著促進作用。北京對週邊地區的影響仍是極化效應大于擴散效應，而且，擴散效應的經濟影響還僅僅跼限于隸屬于北京的城鎮，其他的城鎮還未從中穫益。根據兩條倒“u”型麯線初步判斷，北京與週邊的中心一外圍結構正在接近“枴點”。
북경“등하흑”현상일직시곤우정부적일개난제。통과회고구역발전이론화신경제지이학등상관이론，귀납출량조반영구역공간결구연화적도“u”형곡선，병종교통성본적각도대경진기성진군겁화일확산효응진행계량분석。결과표명，재경진기성진군내부，성진거리북경월근，취업규모월소。2001--2010년간，경진기성진군취업규모겁화정도제고료42％，취업인구분포경가불균형。일개성진교통가체성적개선대우해성진적발전유착촉진작용。북경대주변지구적영향잉시겁화효응대우확산효응，이차，확산효응적경제영향환부부국한우대속우북경적성진，기타적성진환미종중획익。근거량조도“u”형곡선초보판단，북경여주변적중심일외위결구정재접근“괴점”。
The government has been troubled by Beijing “Black Light” phenomenon. Actually, regional development and inequality has always been the topic of the academic circles and government. There are plenty of related researches and theories on this issue. This article reviews the related theories of the regional development and new economy geography, and summarizes two meaningful “inverted U-shaped” curves about the development and evolution of regional spatial structure. This research verifies the existence of Beijing “Black Light” phenomenon and finds that it is intensifying in the past 10 years in the perspective of industry development and transportation cost through econometric analysis. The empirical results shows that the nearer towns away from Beijing, the smaller the size of employment. During the 10 years from 2001 to 2010, the polarization-balance degree of employment scale of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Urban Agglomeration has increased 42%, and the urban employed population distribution becomes more uneven spatially. The improvement of transportation accessibility plays an important role in the regional development. In terms of the surrounding areas of Beijing, the polarization effect is stronger than the diffusion effect, and moreover, the economic impact of the diffusion effect is confined to the towns that attached to Beijing, and other towns can＇ t benefit from that. According to the two “inverted U-shaped” curves, we can judge preliminarily that the “core-periphery” structure of Beijing and its surrounding areas is approaching the “turning point”. In spite of the indeterminacy of the exact “turning point”, the government still can make some effort to deal with this problem.
