CAJ | 학술논문

预备犯的处罚界限事关刑罚权的自律程度，并直接影响刑法辅助性法益保护功能的发挥。以可罚的行为概念的引入消解预备犯实行性缺乏与犯罪构成理论之间的柢牾，是客观主义立法语境下研究可罚性预备行为的理论前提。对形式预备犯处罚界限的认定，一是要实现预备行为与正常社会行为的分离；二是在预备行为的范围内，以现行《刑法》第13条“但书”为底限，确定影响预备行为可罚性的要素，在依据犯罪类型进行一般可罚性判断的基础上，以重罪标准进行具体的可罚性补正与纠偏。应当肯定具有预备性质的、对实施重罪达成一致的严肃约定行为的处罚必要性，并严格区分其与犯意表示及一般犯罪约定之间的界限。
예비범적처벌계한사관형벌권적자률정도，병직접영향형법보조성법익보호공능적발휘。이가벌적행위개념적인입소해예비범실행성결핍여범죄구성이론지간적저오，시객관주의입법어경하연구가벌성예비행위적이론전제。대형식예비범처벌계한적인정，일시요실현예비행위여정상사회행위적분리；이시재예비행위적범위내，이현행《형법》제13조“단서”위저한，학정영향예비행위가벌성적요소，재의거범죄류형진행일반가벌성판단적기출상，이중죄표준진행구체적가벌성보정여규편。응당긍정구유예비성질적、대실시중죄체성일치적엄숙약정행위적처벌필요성，병엄격구분기여범의표시급일반범죄약정지간적계한。
The limitation of punishing preparatory offence directly affects the autonomy degree of punishment power and the defendant function of the subsidiary law interest of the criminal law. To clear up the conflict between preparatory offence and constitution of crime with vindictive act is the premise of objective studies on preparatory offence. There are two ways to identify the formal preparatory offence, one is to separate the offence act from normal social acts, and the other way is, on the basis ofthe proviso in article 13, to ensure the elements and correct specific judgment according to criminal type within the scope ofpreparatory act. It is necessary to affirm the necessity of punishing the heavy offence, and strictly distinguish the boundary between the expression of criminal intent and the general agreement of committing a crime.