CAJ | 학술논문

航天任务通常在极端环境下完成,隔离、单调、高工作压力、失重等诸多因素会对航天员心理产生不利影响,既影响个体的情绪、认知能力和精神健康,也影响航天员之间及其与地面人员间的互动。真实载人飞行任务与模拟环境的有关心理学研究成果,对选拔和训练航天员、加强航天任务监控和保障、任务后再适应有重要指导意义。结合我国建立长期有人空间站计划,未来可在中长期航天任务对心理的影响、中国文化背景下的人际互动,以及行为观测技术等方面进行拓展。
항천임무통상재겁단배경하완성,격리、단조、고공작압력、실중등제다인소회대항천원심리산생불리영향,기영향개체적정서、인지능력화정신건강,야영향항천원지간급기여지면인원간적호동。진실재인비행임무여모의배경적유관심이학연구성과,대선발화훈련항천원、가강항천임무감공화보장、임무후재괄응유중요지도의의。결합아국건립장기유인공간참계화,미래가재중장기항천임무대심리적영향、중국문화배경하적인제호동,이급행위관측기술등방면진행탁전。
Manned spaceflight operates under extreme environmental conditions. Isolation, monotony, a heavy workload and weightlessness in space influence each individual mental experience, including the emotional state, cognitive ability and the mental health of astronauts. Meanwhile, interpersonal interactions among astronauts or between astronauts and mission control personnel will also have an effect. The current review analyzes many psychological studies conducted on real space missions, analogue and simulation experiments. The results from such studies have had a significant effect on selection and training, as well as with in-flight support and post-flight readjustment of astronauts. In considering the long-term manned space station project and lunar exploration program of China, future studies need to focus on mental issues in long-duration spaceflight, the characteristics of human interactions within Chinese culture, and finally the use of measurement methods for behavioral observation and expression identification.